Characteristics of Paleogene Source Rocks and Fine Oil-Source Correlation in Liaohe Western Depression
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摘要: 为了明确辽河西部凹陷南北部烃源岩条件差异、查明凹陷内不同地区原油来源，采用TOC、岩石热解、Ro、饱和烃色谱-质谱等方法对不同洼陷烃源岩及原油特征分析并进行精细油源对比. 结果表明，西部凹陷沙四段烃源岩在北部发育（厚约700 m）、有机质丰度高、但成熟度较低（Ro < 0.5%），有机质以陆源高等植物为主，混有少量低等水生生物，沉积于偏还原的咸水-微咸水环境；沙三段及沙一段烃源岩在凹陷南部更为发育，丰度高且成熟度高，有机质以低等水生生物为主，沉积于偏氧化的淡水环境. 结果表明，北部原油来自于沙四段烃源岩；中部原油主要来自于沙三段烃源岩（冷家地区原油存在少量沙四段原油混入），而南部原油主要来自于沙三段和沙一段烃源岩.Abstract: In order to clarify the differences in source rock characteristics and investigate the source of crude oil in different areas in the Liaohe Western Depression, the TOC, rock pyrolysis, Ro, and saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are adopted to analyze the characteristics of source rock and crude oil, and the fine oil-source correlation is carried out. Results indicate that the Es4 source rock of Liaohe Western Depression is developed in the north (about 700 m), with high organic matter abundance but low maturity (Ro < 0.5%). The organic matter of Es4 source rock was dominated by terrestrial higher plants, mixed with a small amount of lower aquatic organisms, and the sedimentary environment was a partially reduced saline-brackish water environment; The Es3 and Es1 source rocks of Liaohe Western Depression are developed in the south with high abundance and maturity. The organic matter was mainly derived from aquatic organisms and deposited in the oxidized freshwater environment. Results show that the crude oil in the northern part comes from the Es4 source rock. The crude oil in the central part mainly comes from the Es3 source rock (the crude oil in the Lengjia area comes from the Es4 and Es3 source rock). The crude oil in the southern part comes from the Es3 and Es1 source rock.
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图 1 辽河西部凹陷地层及构造特征综合示意图
修改自冷济高等(2008)
Fig. 1. Comprehensive map of structural and stratigraphic characteristics in Liaohe Western Depression
图 2 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩厚度分布图
Fig. 2. Thickness distribution of source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 3 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩有机质丰度评价（SY/T 5735-1995）
Fig. 3. Evaluation of organic matter abundance in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression(SY/T 5735-1995)
图 4 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩有机质类型判别图
修改自蔡来星等（2020）
Fig. 4. Organic matter types of source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 5 辽河西部凹陷各生烃洼陷沙河街组烃源岩Ro随深度变化关系
数据来源于中国石油辽河油田勘探开发研究院
Fig. 5. Relationship between Ro and depth of Shahejie Formation in different sags of Liaohe Western Depression
图 6 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩气相色谱特征
Fig. 6. GC characteristics of source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 7 辽河西部凹陷各生烃洼陷沙河街组烃源岩Pr/nC17和Ph/nC18关系
Fig. 7. Relationship between Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 of source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 8 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩甾烷、萜烷特征
Fig. 8. Characteristics of steranes and terpanes of source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 9 辽河西部凹陷原油物性特征
Fig. 9. Histogram of physical property of crude oil in Liaohe Western Depression
图 10 辽河西部凹陷不同油区沙河街组原油族组成特征
Fig. 10. Group composition of crude oil in different oil fields in Liaohe Western Depression
图 11 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组原油色谱-质谱特征
Fig. 11. GC-MS characteristics of crude oil in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 12 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组原油Pr/nC17和Ph/nC18相关性
Fig. 12. Relationship between Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 of crude oil in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 13 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组油-岩正构烷烃分布曲线对比图
Fig. 13. Correlation of n-alkanes between crude oil and source rock in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 14 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组油-岩规则甾烷含量特征对比
Fig. 14. Triangle diagram of regular sterane content of crude oil and source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 15 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组油-岩萜烷特征对比
Fig. 15. Terpane characteristics of crude oil and source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
图 16 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组沿凹陷北东向展布剖面油源对比示意图
Fig. 16. Profile of oil-source correlation in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
表 1 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩地化分析数据表
Table 1. Geochemical characteristics of source rocks in Shahejie Formation, Liaohe Western Depression
生烃洼陷 牛心坨-台安洼陷 盘山-陈家洼陷 清水洼陷 层位地化参数 沙四段 沙三段 沙四段 沙三段 沙四段 沙三段 沙一段 TOC (%) 0.13~7.14 0.02~1.21 0.82~9.2 0.12~5.43 1.16~1.29 0.67~4.06 0.26~4.71 2.23 (72) 0.18 (43) 5.15 (47) 3.34 (29) 1.81 (6) 1.82 (70) 1.85 (24) S1+S2 (mg/g) 0.04~65.86 0.04~1.22 2.22~66.91 7.68~37.77 0.5~1.6 0.82~11.97 0.12~32.47 11.16 (71) 0.15 (18) 27.86 (47) 16.27 (29) 0.85 (6) 4.36 (70) 6.16 (24) HI
(mg/g TOC)17~810 74~93 246~740 272~490 15~56 35~4.7 107~674 350 (60) 83 (2) 481 (47) 405 (29) 34 (7) 190 (71) 247 (24) Tmax(℃) 423~442 431~439 426~448℃ 425~435 446~525 429~467 420~443 432 (60) 435 (2) 437 (47) 430 (29) 460 (7) 441 (71) 433 (24) Ro (%) 0.25~0.58 0.44~1.17 0.32~1.61 0.29~0.63 0.36 (43) 0.69 (60) 0.67 (133) 0.40 (24) 显微组分
（单衍胜等，2016）腐泥组(%) (1.3~97.2)/52.8 壳质组(%) (~68)/4.8 镜质组(%) (1~97)/35.9 惰质组(%) (~87.2)/6.4 注：表中数据为$ \frac{\mathrm{最}\mathrm{小}\mathrm{值}~\mathrm{最}\mathrm{大}\mathrm{值}}{\mathrm{平}\mathrm{均}\mathrm{值}\left(\mathrm{样}\mathrm{品}\mathrm{数}\right)} $或（最小值~最大值）/平均值. 
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表 2 辽河西部凹陷沙河街组烃源岩生物标志化合物组成特征
Table 2. Biomarkers from source rocks in Liaohe Western Depression
洼陷 层位 Pr/Ph Pr/C17 Ph/C18 ααα-C29 S/(S+R) C29 ββ/(αα+ββ) C31藿烷(S/S+R) Ts/Tm γ-蜡烷/C30H ααα20RC27/C29 牛心坨-台安洼陷 Es3 0.29 0.45 1.15 0.21 0.37 0.54 0.64 0.31 0.66 Es4 0.84 1.54 2.38 0.19 0.28 0.52 0.30 0.22 0.94 盘山-陈家洼陷 Es3 1.36 0.78 0.61 0.26 0.30 0.37 / 0.05 0.74 Es4 0.62 0.76 1.35 0.25 / 0.54 / 0.37 0.40 清水洼陷 Es1 0.86 0.65 0.71 0.23 0.20 0.57 0.25 0.29 1.31 Es3 1.55 1.11 1.06 0.51 0.46 0.6 0.96 0.1 0.74
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表 3 辽河西部凹陷原油甾萜类生物标志化合物组成特征
Table 3. Biomarkers of sterane and terpane from crude oil in Liaohe Western Depression
油区 γ-蜡烷/C30
藿烷ααα-C29 S/
(S+R)C29 ββ/
(αα+ββ)Ts/Tm C31藿烷
(S/S+R)ααα-20R
C27/C29规则甾
烷/藿烷（孕甾烷+升孕甾烷）/ααα-
C2920R牛心坨 0.17 0.22 0.25 0.36 0.55 0.71 0.83 0.02 高升 0.29 0.25 0.23 0.26 0.55 0.50 1.12 0 冷家 0.14 0.36 0.32 0.46 0.56 0.60 0.52 0.06 曙光 0.27 0.36 0.35 0.58 0.57 0.62 0.39 0.13 兴隆台 0.11 0.42 0.41 1.64 0.58 0.80 0.34 0.30 双台子-双南 0.22 0.38 0.41 1.08 0.58 0.89 0.39 0.29 欢喜岭 0.23 0.36 0.35 1.18 0.57 0.73 0.31 0.17 小洼 0.26 0.44 0.38 0.66 0.56 0.78 0.40 0.15
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