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    南海北部白云深水区高变地温梯度砂岩渗透率定量预测

    陈淑慧 彭光荣 张丽 柳保军 颜晖 张博

    陈淑慧, 彭光荣, 张丽, 柳保军, 颜晖, 张博, 2022. 南海北部白云深水区高变地温梯度砂岩渗透率定量预测. 地球科学, 47(7): 2468-2480. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.239
    引用本文: 陈淑慧, 彭光荣, 张丽, 柳保军, 颜晖, 张博, 2022. 南海北部白云深水区高变地温梯度砂岩渗透率定量预测. 地球科学, 47(7): 2468-2480. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.239
    Chen Shuhui, Peng Guangrong, Zhang Li, Liu Baojun, Yan Hui, Zhang Bo, 2022. Quantitative Prediction of Permeability of High Variable Geothermal Gradient Sandstone in Baiyun Deep Water Area of Northern South China Sea. Earth Science, 47(7): 2468-2480. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.239
    Citation: Chen Shuhui, Peng Guangrong, Zhang Li, Liu Baojun, Yan Hui, Zhang Bo, 2022. Quantitative Prediction of Permeability of High Variable Geothermal Gradient Sandstone in Baiyun Deep Water Area of Northern South China Sea. Earth Science, 47(7): 2468-2480. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.239

    南海北部白云深水区高变地温梯度砂岩渗透率定量预测

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.239
    基金项目: 

    “十三五”国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05026⁃003

    中海石油深海开发有限公司“万亿大气区”课题 KJZH⁃2021⁃0003⁃00

    中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司自研科技项目 ZY⁃2021⁃SZ⁃01

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      陈淑慧(1979-),女,工程师,主要从事储层地质和岩石学相关的研究. ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃6734⁃7303. E⁃mail:chenshh5@cnooc.com.cn

    • 中图分类号: P548

    Quantitative Prediction of Permeability of High Variable Geothermal Gradient Sandstone in Baiyun Deep Water Area of Northern South China Sea

    • 摘要: 地温梯度如何影响砂岩成岩演化和储层物性变化是地学界的热点问题. 以具有高变地温梯度特征的白云深水区为例,通过分析大量不同地温梯度地区的样品,以地温梯度0.1~0.2 ℃/100 m为递进间隔,对比分析了不同地温梯度区间内不同粒度砂岩储层渗透率随埋藏深度变化的趋势,建立了砂岩渗透率的定量地质预测模型,展示了砂岩渗透率与地温梯度之间的内在联系. 结果表明,一定埋深范围内,随地温梯度升高,渗透率每下降一个数量级,砂岩埋深下限差异呈台阶式减少;相同地温梯度区间内,高成分成熟度、低塑性岩屑含量的含砾砂岩、粗粒砂岩、中粒砂岩和细粒砂岩的渗透率下降程度不同,相邻粒径砂岩等效渗透率埋深下限差异相近,随地温梯度增加,相邻粒径砂岩等效渗透率下限埋深差异呈规律性减小;低渗与特低渗砂岩储层的地层深度段随地温梯度升高而明显变小,粗粒砂岩特低渗储层的埋深下限可作为白云深水区常规油气勘探的极限深度. 研究成果对于揭示地温梯度对砂岩成岩演化作用的影响及物性演变效应具有重要的意义,对油气勘探有积极的指导作用.

       

    • 图  1  白云凹陷样品点井位及地温梯度分布

      地温梯度(℃/100 m): 1为3.5~3.6; 2为3.6~3.7; 3为3.75~3.85; 4为3.9~4.0; 5为4.0~4.1; 6为4.1~4.2; 7为4.26~4.36; 8为4.4~4.5; 9为4.5~4.6; 10为4.7~4.8; 11为4.8~4.9; 12为4.9~5.0; 13为5.1~5.3; 14为5.5~5.7

      Fig.  1.  Well location and geothermal gradient distribution of sample points in Baiyun Depression

      图  2  准噶尔盆地三工河组不同粒级砂岩孔隙度与深度对应关系

      据寿建峰等(2005)修改;塑性岩屑含量低于8%

      Fig.  2.  Corresponding relationship between porosity and depth of sandstone of different grain sizes in Sangonghe Formation, Junggar Basin

      图  3  不同粒度砂岩不同地温梯度区间内渗透率与埋深的趋势线

      a.含砾粗砂岩;b.粗砂岩;c.中砂岩;d.细砂岩. 地温梯度(℃/100 m): 1为3.5~3.6; 2为3.6~3.7; 3为3.75~3.85; 4为3.9~4.0; 5为4.0~4.1; 6为4.1~4.2; 7为4.26~4.36; 8为4.4~4.5; 9为4.5~4.6; 10为4.7~4.8; 11为4.8~4.9; 12为4.9~5.0; 13为5.1~5.3; 14为5.5~5.7

      Fig.  3.  Trend lines of permeability and buried depth in different geothermal gradient intervals of sandstone with different grain sizes

      图  4  砂岩渗透率从10 mD下降至1 mD的埋藏深度差与地温梯度的关系

      Fig.  4.  Relationship between buried depth difference of sandstone permeability from 10 mD to 1 mD and geothermal gradient

      图  5  4.0~4.1 ℃/100 m地温梯度区间内不同粒级砂岩的渗透率趋势线

      Fig.  5.  Permeability trend line of sandstone with different particle sizes in the geothermal gradient range of 4.0‒4.1 ℃ /100 m

      图  6  14个地温梯度区间内不同粒级砂岩储层渗透率变化规律

      Fig.  6.  Permeability variation law of sandstone reservoirs with different grain sizes in 14 geothermal gradient intervals

      图  7  地温梯度与1 mD渗透率下限埋深的关系

      Fig.  7.  Relationship between geothermal gradient and lower limit burial depth of 1 mD permeability

      表  1  低渗与特低渗界面附近样品薄片鉴定数据

      Table  1.   Identification data of samples near the interface of low and ultra-low permeability

      样品
      编号
      埋藏
      深度
      (m)
      接触
      方式
      粒度 泥杂基(%) 胶结物含量(%) 面孔率(%)
      方解石 铁方
      解石
      白云石 铁白
      云石
      菱铁矿 石英 粒间孔 粒内
      溶孔
      铸模孔
      1 3 040.18 线 中粒 6 2 8.5 0.5
      2 2 932.41 线 细粒 1.2 1.2 2.8 8.4 1.2 0.4
      3 3 149.58 点‒线 中粒 8 0.5 1
      4 3 069.22 点‒线 中粒 2 1 1 4 0.5 2
      5 2 757.8 线 中粒 0.5 2 6 2 3 2
      6 2 094.3 线 细粒 6 0.4 0.6 0.6 3 2 1
      7 2 544.1 线 中粒 10 5 1 1 5 2.5
      8 2 628.5 线 中粒 6 2 1 1 3 1
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  低渗与特低渗界面附近样品粘土X衍射及物性分析数据

      Table  2.   Data of X-ray diffraction and physical property analysis of clay samples near low and ultra-low permeability interface

      储层
      分类
      样品编号 埋藏
      深度
      (m)
      粘土X衍射 渗透率(mD) 孔隙度(%) 地温梯度
      (℃/100 m)
      高岭石
      (%)
      绿泥石
      (%)
      伊利石
      (%)
      伊蒙混层
      (%)
      伊蒙混层
      混层比(%)
      低渗带 1 3 040.18 11 19 68 2 5 15.7 12.1 4.2
      2 2 932.41 4 8 65 23 10~20 17.3 12.5 4.26
      3 3 149.58 11 16 52 21 30 15.7 10.5 4.43
      4 3 069.22 6 11 51 32 20 28.6 11.8 4.55
      特低渗带 5 2 757.8 15 85 5 5.4 15.0 4.97
      6 2 094.3 5 15 80 < 5 7.6 13.6 5.67
      7 2 544.1 0 0 100 < 5 1.15 15.0 5.22
      8 2 628.5 0 0 100 7 1.23 13.5 5.22
      下载: 导出CSV
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