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    实验岩石学发展现状与趋势

    倪怀玮 王沁霞 王春光 张艳飞

    倪怀玮, 王沁霞, 王春光, 张艳飞, 2022. 实验岩石学发展现状与趋势. 地球科学, 47(8): 2691-2700. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.259
    引用本文: 倪怀玮, 王沁霞, 王春光, 张艳飞, 2022. 实验岩石学发展现状与趋势. 地球科学, 47(8): 2691-2700. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.259
    Ni Huaiwei, Wang Qingxia, Wang Chunguang, Zhang Yanfei, 2022. Experimental Petrology: Status Quo and Prospect. Earth Science, 47(8): 2691-2700. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.259
    Citation: Ni Huaiwei, Wang Qingxia, Wang Chunguang, Zhang Yanfei, 2022. Experimental Petrology: Status Quo and Prospect. Earth Science, 47(8): 2691-2700. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.259

    实验岩石学发展现状与趋势

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.259
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目 41825004

    国家自然科学基金项目 41721002

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      倪怀玮(1981-),男,教授,熔/流体实验岩石学专业.ORCID:0000-0002-8648-5007. E-mail:hwni@ustc.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P589

    Experimental Petrology: Status Quo and Prospect

    • 摘要: 实验岩石学通过高温高压实验来模拟地球内部状态,正演研究矿物、岩石及其组分的物理化学行为,与天然矿物和岩石样品反演研究相互补充. 从20世纪初美国卡内基研究所建立地球物理实验室算起,实验岩石学已经历了100多年的发展,在认识地球内部状态和过程以及矿物和岩石成因方面发挥了重要作用. 我国实验岩石学研究开展约50年,进入21世纪以来在实验平台和创新性研究成果方面取得了显著进步. 在学科发展趋势方面,实验岩石学表现出以下6方面的特点:(1)新的高温高压实验技术不断涌现;(2)实验与分析测试技术高度融合;(3)实验模拟与计算模拟相结合;(4)从热力学平衡扩展到动力学研究;(5)从干体系扩展到对挥发分和流体的深入研究;(6)应用场景从固体地球扩展到类地行星. 通过进一步开发或改进高温高压实验技术,加强与分析测试技术以及计算技术的结合,实验岩石学有望在破解地球内部流体的性质和作用、地幔演化和岩浆分异、变质反应速率和机制、类地行星形成与演化等重要科学问题方面作出关键贡献.

       

    • 图  1  瑞士ETH研制的摇摆式多面砧压机

      改自Schmidt and Ulmer(2004)

      Fig.  1.  Rocking multianvil device developed by ETH Zürich, Switzerland

      图  2  (a) 水热金刚石压腔;(b) 莫桑石高温腔

      Fig.  2.  (a) Hydrothermal diamond anvil cell; (b) Moissanite cell

      图  3  关于地幔橄榄岩湿固相线的巨大争议

      改自Grove et al.(2012)

      Fig.  3.  Discrepancy in the H2O‐saturated solidus of mantle peridotite

      图  4  不同岩浆过程的时间尺度

      改自Costa(2021)

      Fig.  4.  Timescales of a variety of magmatic processes

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    • 收稿日期:  2021-12-08
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