实验流变学的发展现状与趋势

章军锋; 周永胜; 宋茂双

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2022.301

实验流变学的发展现状与趋势

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.301

1.
中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029
3.
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广东广州 510640

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42172250

国家自然科学基金项目 42042007

详细信息

作者简介:
章军锋（1977-），男，教授，主要从事壳幔岩石流变和地震成因物理机制方面的教学和科研工作. ORCID：0000-0002-2834-2833. E-mail：jfzhang@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: O37
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-22
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-25

Development Status and Trends of Experimental Rheology

1.
School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
3.
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

摘要

摘要: 实验流变学是通过高温高压实验手段研究地球内部主要组成物质在差应力的作用下发生变形和流动的学科. 伴随着流变实验技术的不断发展，实验流变学在过去30年中得到了快速发展，研究范畴和研究对象不断扩大，在地球和行星科学的研究领域发挥着重要的作用.主要简要介绍了实验流变学技术的发展历史，围绕岩石圈、软流圈、转换带和下地幔流变学实验研究和中深源地震机制的研究总结了实验流变学领域的主要研究进展与存在问题，提出由物质成分和热结构控制的地球不同圈层流变学性质的三维结构是当前实验流变学研究需要解决的核心科学问题，并在此基础上展望了实验流变学未来的优先发展方向.
- 实验流变学 /
- 研究进展 /
- 发展趋势 /
- 优先发展方向
Abstract: Experimental rheology is a discipline that studies the deformation and flow of the main components of the Earth under the action of differential stress by means of high temperature and high pressure experiments. With the continuous development of experimental technology, experimental rheology has developed rapidly in the past three decades. The research scope and research objects have been continuously expanded, playing an important role in the research field of Earth and planetary sciences. This paper briefly introduces the development history of experimental rheology technology, and summarizes the main research progresses and existing problems in the field of experimental research on the rheology of the lithosphere, asthenosphere, transition zone and lower mantle and the study of the intermediate and deep focused earthquake mechanisms. It is proposed that the three-dimensional structure of the rheological properties of different layers of the Earth controlled by composition and thermal structure is the citical scientific problem to be solved in the current experimental rheology research, and on this basis, the priority development directions of experimental rheology in the future is prospected.
- experimental rheology /
- research progress /
- development trend /
- priority development direction

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图 1 常见高温高压流变仪设备能实现的温压范围

Paterson. Paterson流变仪；Griggs. Griggs流变仪；MultiAnvil. 多面砧压机

Fig. 1. Temperature and pressure range of common high temperature and high pressure deformation apparatus

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 典型岩石圈流变结构

据Kohlstedt et al.（1995）

Fig. 2. Typical lithosphere rheological structure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 俯冲板片地震分布特征

据Zhan（2020）；a. 中深源地震发震数量（1964~2017年）随深度的变化，汤加-克马德里俯冲带深源地震（> 300 km）约占全球深源地震的3/4；b. 俯冲板片中中深源地震分布示意

Fig. 3. Seismic distribution characteristics of a subducting slab

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 镁锗橄榄石相变致裂实验声发射信号分析

据Wang et al.（2017）

Fig. 4. Acoustic emission signal analysis of a faulting experiment on Mg₂GeO₄

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 地幔粘度随深部的变化

据Faccenda and Dal Zilio（2017）

Fig. 5. Variation of mantle viscosity with depth

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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