Characteristics and Geological Implications of Mineral Chemistry and Fluid Inclusions in Huxu Au-Pb-Zn Ore Deposit, Jiangxi Province
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摘要: 为了深入研究东乡盆地中金属矿床的成因类型，选取虎圩金铅锌矿床为研究对象，运用EPMA和LA-ICP-MS等方法开展石英微量元素分析、绿泥石化学成分组成和流体包裹体测温等研究.研究结果表明，石英中微量元素主要替换方式为Al3++Li+=Si4+，成矿流体的pH值在成矿过程中发生周期性变化.包裹体类型主要为气液两相包裹体，绿泥石形成于相对低氧逸度和高硫逸度环境，成矿温度约为210~280 ℃.综合前人研究，认为虎圩金铅锌矿床在成矿过程中不断发生岩浆热液和天水的混合，伴随不同程度的水岩反应，在断裂的开阔空间沉淀形成矿脉.认为虎圩矿床属于浅成低温热液矿床，深部存在隐伏斑岩岩体.Abstract: To study the genesis of ore deposits in the Dongxiang volcanic basin, the Huxu Au-Pb-Zn deposit was selected as the research object, and a detailed study of quartz trace elements, fluid inclusions thermometry and chemical compositions of chlorite was carried out. The results indicate that the main element substitution mechanism is Al3++Li+ = Si4+.The pH of the ore-forming fluids is fluctuated episodically. The fluid inclusions are mainly gas-liquid type. The chlorite formed in an environment with relatively high sulfur fugacity and low oxygen fugacity. The ore-forming temperature is estimated to be 210-280 ℃.Combined with previous studies, it suggests that the Huxu deposit evolved with varying mixing ratio of magmatic fluids and meteoric water, accompanied by fluid-rock interaction, leading to the precipitation of ore veins in the opening fractures. The Huxu deposit is considered as epithermal deposit, with buried porphyry body.
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图 1 虎圩矿床大地构造背景(a)及区域地质图(b)(底图修改自Qi et al., 2021)
Fig. 1. Tectonic map (a) and regional geological map (b) of the Huxu deposit (after Qi et al., 2021)
图 2 虎圩矿床矿区地质简图(a)和10号矿体剖面图(b)(修改自周先军等，2019)
Fig. 2. Geological map of the Huxu orefield (a) and profile map of No. 10 orebody in the Huxu ore field (b) (modified from Zhou et al., 2019)
图 3 虎圩金铅锌矿床矿石结构构造特征
a. 石英-黄铁矿脉发育晶洞构造；b. 晶洞构造、皮壳状构造共存，并同时沉淀黄铁矿和赤铁矿；c. 石英-多金属硫化物脉切穿闪长玢岩；d. 石英-多金属硫化物脉蚀变围岩，并形成细脉状绿泥石；d. 铁白云石充填矿石裂隙并叠加梳状石英；f. 石英晶簇与赤铁矿共生
Fig. 3. Ore structures of the Huxu deposit
图 4 虎圩矿区主要矿物组合特征
a. Py1、Py2和Py3呈增生边叠加生长，赤铁矿呈针状或者叶片状包裹在Py2中，方铅矿与Py3共生；b. 赤铁矿沿石英边缘沉淀；c. 方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿与Py3共生；d. 片状赤铁矿结合体沿石英颗粒边缘分布；e. 赤铁矿沿着石英裂隙分布；f. 格子状方解石沿着石英裂隙沉淀；矿物代号：Py. 黄铁矿；Hm. 赤铁矿；Gn. 方铅矿；Bn. 斑铜矿；Sp. 闪锌矿；Q. 石英；Cal. 方解石
Fig. 4. The main mineral assemblages in the Huxu mining area
图 6 虎圩矿区石英显微镜下照片和阴极发光照片
Qtz. 石英；Py. 黄铁矿；Sp. 闪锌矿；Hm. 赤铁矿
Fig. 6. Microphotographs and CL photos of quartz in the Huxu mining area
图 7 虎圩矿床中绿泥石的形貌特征
Ⅰ. 团块状绿泥石；Ⅱ. 浸染状绿泥石；Ⅲ. 鳞片状绿泥石；Ⅳ. 脉状绿泥石；Py. 黄铁矿
Fig. 7. Characteristics of chlorite from Huxu deposit
图 8 虎圩矿床中不同世代石英微量元素箱型图
Fig. 8. The box plots of trace element compositions of different quartz generations in the Huxu deposit
图 9 虎圩矿床不同世代石英中Li-Al、Ni-Al、K-Al含量及相关性
Fig. 9. The absolute contents and correlationship between Li and Al, Ni and Al, K and Al from the different generations of quartz in the Huxu deposit
图 10 虎圩矿床流体流体包裹体显微照片
a. Qtz1中的气液两相包裹体；b. Qtz2中的气液两相包裹体；c~d. Qtz3中的气液两相包裹体
Fig. 10. Microphotographs of fluid inclusions in the Huxu deposit
图 11 虎圩金铅锌矿床中不同阶段均一温度直方图
Fig. 11. Histogram of homogenization temperatures and salinities for fluid inclusions in Huxu deposit
图 12 虎圩金铅锌矿床绿泥石分类图解(据Foster，1962)
Fig. 12. The classification of chlorite in Huxu Au-Pb-Zn deposit (modified from Foster, 1962)
图 13 虎圩矿床Al-Ti含量相关图和矿床类型判别图
收集的数据及所属参考文献见Rottier and Casanova（2021）及附表 1
Fig. 13. The absolute contents and correlationship between Al and Ti compared to fields
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