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    战略性关键矿产勘查现状与对策:以青海省为例

    苏慧敏 车玉滢 尹燕梁 董加祥 章伟 蒋少涌

    苏慧敏, 车玉滢, 尹燕梁, 董加祥, 章伟, 蒋少涌, 2023. 战略性关键矿产勘查现状与对策:以青海省为例. 地球科学, 48(4): 1543-1550. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.426
    引用本文: 苏慧敏, 车玉滢, 尹燕梁, 董加祥, 章伟, 蒋少涌, 2023. 战略性关键矿产勘查现状与对策:以青海省为例. 地球科学, 48(4): 1543-1550. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.426
    Su Huimin, Che Yuying, Yin Yanliang, Dong Jiaxiang, Zhang Wei, Jiang Shaoyong, 2023. Present Situation and Research Direction of Strategic Critical Mineral Exploration: Taking Qinghai Province as an Example. Earth Science, 48(4): 1543-1550. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.426
    Citation: Su Huimin, Che Yuying, Yin Yanliang, Dong Jiaxiang, Zhang Wei, Jiang Shaoyong, 2023. Present Situation and Research Direction of Strategic Critical Mineral Exploration: Taking Qinghai Province as an Example. Earth Science, 48(4): 1543-1550. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.426

    战略性关键矿产勘查现状与对策:以青海省为例

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.426
    基金项目: 

    自然资源部稀土稀有稀散矿产重点实验室开放基金 KLRM-KF202001

    科技部国家重点研发计划项目 2022YFC2903504

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      苏慧敏(1984-),女,副教授,主要研究方向为岩浆-热液演化与稀有稀土金属富集. ORCID: 0000-0002-6195-6730. E-mail: suhm@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P617

    Present Situation and Research Direction of Strategic Critical Mineral Exploration: Taking Qinghai Province as an Example

    • 摘要: 关键矿产是指当前和未来相当长时间内现代社会可持续发展所必需、但在稳定供给方面存在高风险的战略性资源,主要包括稀土、稀有、稀散金属等“三稀矿产”,铬、锰、钛、钴、镍、钒等其他战略性金属矿产,以及晶质石墨、萤石、滑石、硼等战略性非金属矿产.青海省的关键矿产种类丰富,矿床成因类型多样,资源潜力大.未来要聚焦关键金属元素超常富集基础地质理论研究和找矿勘查实践,加强青海省关键矿产成矿条件、成矿规律、关键金属元素的地球化学行为和元素超常富集机制等方面的研究,查明关键金属元素赋存状态,提高关键矿产资源利用率,减少环境污染,提升矿产资源勘查开发利用水平.立足国际国内关键矿产资源形势,以青海省为例提出了全面提升对战略性矿产的管理、勘查、开发和综合利用水平及保障矿产资源安全的思考和建议.

       

    • 图  1  青海省主要矿产分布图(修改自潘彤,2019

      III-1.河西走廊;III-2.北祁连; III-3.中祁连; III-4.南祁连; III-5.阿尔金; III-6.柴达木盆地北缘; III-7.柴达木盆地; III-8.东昆仑; III-9.西秦岭; III-10.阿尼玛卿; III-11.北巴颜喀拉-马尔康; III-12.南巴颜喀拉-雅江; III-13.哈秀-直门达; III-14.西金乌兰-巴塘; III-15.玛章错钦湖-囊谦; III-16.小唐古拉山

      Fig.  1.  Distribution of major mineral resources in Qinghai Province (modified after Pan, 2019)

      表  1  世界关键矿产目录

      Table  1.   Global catalogue of key mineral resources

      国家/组织 种类 关键矿产目录 来源
      中国 24种 能源矿产:石油、天然气、页岩气、煤炭、煤层气、铀;金属矿产:铁、铬、铜、铝、金、镍、钨、锡、钼、锑、钴、锂、稀土、锆;非金属矿产:磷、钾盐、晶质石墨、萤石 中国原国土资源部《全国矿产资源规划(2016—2020年》( https://www.mnr.gov.cn/gk/ghjh/201811/t20181101_2324927.html
      美国 50种 铝、锑、砷、重晶石、铍、铋、铈、铯、铬、钴、镝、铒、铕、萤石、钆、镓、锗、石墨、铪、钬、铟、铱、镧、锂、镥、镁、锰、钕、镍、铌、钯、铂、镨、铑、铷、钌、钐、钪、钽、碲、铽、铥、锡、钛、钨、钒、镱、钇、锌、锆 美国地质调查局(USGS)( https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2022
      欧盟 30种 锑、重晶石、铍、铋、硼酸盐、钴、焦煤、萤石、镓、锗、铪、重稀土元素、轻稀土元素、铟、镁、天然石墨、天然橡胶、铌、铂、磷酸盐、磷、钪、硅金属、钽、钨、钒、铝土矿、锂、钛、锶 欧盟委员会《2020年关键原材料(CRM)通讯》( https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/42849
      日本 31种 稀土元素、锂、铍、硼、钛、钒、铬、锰、钴、镍、镓、锗、硒、铷、锶、锆、铌、钼、钯、铟、锑、碲、铯、钡(重晶石)、铪、钽、钨、铼、铂、铊、铋 日本《稀有金属保障战略》( http://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/data/20090728_01.html
      加拿大 31种 铝、锑、铋、铯、铬、钴、铜、萤石、镓、锗、石墨、氦、铟、锂、镁、锰、钼、镍、铌、铂族金属、钾、稀土元素、钪、钽、碲、锡、钛、钨、铀、钒、锌 加拿大勘探开发者协会2021年会( https://www.canada.ca/en/campaign/critical-minerals-in-canada/critical-minerals-an-opportunity-for-canada.html
      澳大利亚 26种 锂、镓、钛、铬、锰、钒、钴、钨、铋、锑、镁、铂族金属、铌、钽、铍、锆、稀土、钪、锗、铟、铪、铼、氦、石墨、高纯氧化铝、硅 澳大利亚《2022年关键矿产战略》( https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/critical-minerals-strategy-2022
      联合国 9种 铟、锗、钽、铂族金属、碲、钴、锂、镓、稀土金属元素 联合国环境规划署《未来持续技术用关键金属及其循环回收潜力》( http://www.zgkyb.com/index/news/detail/id/https%253A%252F%252Fmp.zgkyb.com%252Fm%252Fnews%252F34060.html
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    • 收稿日期:  2022-07-08
    • 刊出日期:  2023-04-25

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