3D Geological Modeling Method Based on Tectonic Restoration Theory
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摘要: 在三维地质建模中，许多工作集中于断层本身的模拟，而忽略了断层时序性对地层构造的影响，然而考虑断层构造时序性及其导致的变形是十分必要和关键的.针对此问题，基于断裂恢复与演化影响域理论，提出了断裂矢量场建模方法用于含复杂断裂网络的三维地质建模，先使用断裂矢量场位移算子以断裂构造演化逆序恢复影响域范围内的地层和断层数据，再以演化正序逐步计算受断层影响后的地层和断层数据，获得含复杂断层网络的三维地质模型.通过建模实验和对比实验，验证了方法对数据具有更高的利用率以及在处理断裂接触时的能力，并且在建模过程会自动计算断裂导致的一切位移，提高了建模合理性和效率.方法充分考虑了断层构造时序性的影响，更适用于解决具有复杂接触关系的断裂网络模型构建问题.Abstract: In the three-dimensional geological modeling, many works focus on the simulation of the fault itself, ignoring the influence of the fault sequence on the stratum structure. However, it is very necessary and critical to consider the fault sequence and the deformation caused by it. To solve this problem, based on the theory of fault recovery and evolution influence region, in this paper it proposes a fault vector field modeling method for 3D geological modeling with complex fault network. First, the fault vector field displacement operator is used to recover the stratum and fault data within the influence region in the reverse order of fault structure evolution, and then the stratum and fault data affected by the fault are calculated step by step in the positive order of evolution to obtain a 3D geological model with complex fault network. Through modeling experiments and comparative experiments, it is verified that the method has a higher utilization rate of data and the ability to deal with fracture contact, and all displacements caused by fracture will be automatically calculated in the modeling process, which improves the rationality and efficiency of modeling. The model constructed by this method takes full account of the influence of the time sequence of fault structure, and is more able to solve the problem of fault network model construction with complex contact relationship than the general method.
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图 4 多断裂作用下的位移变形
a.多断裂下地层的一致变形；b.断裂接触关系
Fig. 4. Displacement deformation under the action of multiple fractures
表 1 断裂构造恢复
Table 1. Restoration of fault structures
断裂构造恢复：按照断裂构造演化逆序恢复断裂和地层数据 For每一条断裂i 计算断裂面的标量场插值函数及矢量场位移函数 For每一条断裂j(不包含比断裂i新的断裂) For断裂j的观测点 If观测点位于断裂i的椭球体矢量场范围 If观测点位于断裂i上盘 利用GSL求解断裂i的上盘矢量场位移，对断裂j的观测点进行恢复 Else 利用GSL求解断裂i的下盘矢量场位移，对断裂j的观测点进行恢复 End If End If End For End For For每一个地层点 If地层点位于断裂i的椭球体矢量场范围 If地层点位于断裂i上盘 利用GSL求解断裂i的上盘矢量场位移，对该地层点进行恢复 Else 利用GSL求解断裂i的下盘矢量场位移，对该地层点进行恢复 End If End If End For End For 
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表 2 沉积地层
Table 2. Sedimentary strata
地层面名称 沉积序列 颜色 Cretaceous 1 粉红 Yarragadee 2 浅黄 Permian 3 深红 Lesueur 4 深黄
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表 3 断裂构造时序
Table 3. Time series of fault structures
断裂构造名称 构造时序 倾角(o) 倾向(o) 走向(o) fault_Urella_South 1 50.172 150 258.453 840 168.453 884 fault_Darling 2 61.379 678 262.886 991 172.886 991 fault_Urella_North 3 45.884 855 258.491 356 168.491 356 fault_Hypo_fault_E 4 66.705 447 252.583 876 162.583 876 fault_Hypo_fault_W 5 64.573 130 72.583 876 342.583 876 fault_Eneabba_South 6 40.562 225 258.462 867 168.462 867 fault_Coomallo 7 56.597 000 78.277 337 348.277 337 fault_Abrolhos_Transfer 8 89.473 746 216.987 277 126.987 277
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