Fluid Inclusion Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Process in Lungu Area, Tarim Basin
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摘要: 明确轮古地区流体包裹体特征与油气成藏过程.通过对轮古地区的岩心样品岩石学观察、流体包裹体系统分析测试和原油荧光测定，结合均一温度‒埋藏史投影法，并模拟烃源岩生烃史，恢复油气成藏过程.结果表明，轮古地区奥陶系发育三期油包裹体，分别发黄褐色、黄绿色和蓝色荧光，伴生的盐水包裹体均一温度范围分别是70~100 ℃、80~110 ℃、100~120 ℃.全区三期油包裹体对应3个充注期，分别是加里东晚期‒海西早期、海西晚期和喜山期.轮古西部地区的原油的主充注期为加里东晚期‒海西早期，轮古中部地区的原油的主充注期为海西晚期，轮古东部地区的原油的主充注期为喜山期.Abstract: The fluid inclusion characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation process in Lungu area were clarified. Based on the petrological observation of core samples in Lungu area, the analysis and testing of fluid inclusion system and the fluorescence measurement of crude oil, combined with the homogeneous temperature and burial history projection method, the hydrocarbon generation history of source rocks was simulated to restore the hydrocarbon accumulation process. The results show that there are three stages of oil inclusions in the Ordovician in Lunku area, which are yellow brown, yellow green and blue fluorescence, respectively. The homogenization temperature of the associated saline inclusions ranges from 70 ℃ to 100 ℃, 80 ℃ to 110 ℃, and 100 ℃ to 120 ℃, respectively. The three stages of oil inclusions in the whole area correspond to three charging periods, which are Late Caledonian - Early Hercynian, Late Hercynian and Xishan. The western region of Lungu is dominated by Late Caledonian and Early Hercynian oil, the central region of Lungu is dominated by Late Hercynian oil, and the eastern region of Lungu is dominated by Himalayan oil.
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Key words:
- Tarim Basin /
- Lungu area /
- deep oil and gas reservoir /
- fluid inclusion /
- main accumulation period /
- petroleum geology
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图 1 塔里木盆地轮古地区奥陶系顶面构造图、东西向剖面图和岩性柱状图（据朱光有等(2020)）
Fig. 1. Structure diagram, east-west sectional diagram and lithologic column diagram of the top surface of Ordovician in Lungu area, Tarim Basin
图 2 轮古地区奥陶系岩心和镜下照片
a. 高角度裂缝充填充填方解石，裂缝中可见明显油迹，LG903井，5 536 m，O1‒2y；b. 三期脉体相互切割，LG101井，5 440 m，O1‒2y；c、d. 裂缝切穿溶洞中方解石胶结物，LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；e、f. 缝合线切穿裂缝中方解石胶结物，LN10井，5 799.5 m，O1‒2y；g、h. 第三期脉体切割第二期脉体，LG101井，5 440 m，O1‒2y；i、j. 第四期脉体切割第二期脉体，LG101井，5 440 m，O1‒2y；k、l. 第四期脉体切割第三期脉体，LG101井，5 440 m，O1‒2y.c、e、g、i、k. 为单偏光照片，d、f、h、j、l. 为阴极发光照片
Fig. 2. Ordovician cores and microscopical photos in Lungu area
图 4 轮古地区奥陶系包裹体显微荧光照片
a. 团簇状分布的发黄褐色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长550.23~559.22 nm，LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；b. 定向分布的发黄褐色荧光的次生油包裹体，主峰波长550.23~559.22 nm，LG801井，5 183 m，O1‒2y；c、d. 孤立的发黄褐色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长542.03 nm，LG1井，5 217.9 m，O1‒2y；e. 团簇状分布的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长514.02~523.26 nm，LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；f. 定向分布的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长511.63~529.82 nm，LG101井，5 440 m，O1‒2y；g、h. 线性分布的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长519.99~525.42 nm，伴生盐水包裹体，LN631井，5 917.5 m，O2yj；i. 散乱分布的的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长518.18~519.99 nm，LN10井，5 799.5 m，O1‒2y；j. 沿生长纹分布的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长519.27~529.03 nm，LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；k. 孤立分布的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长513.44 nm，LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；l. 愈合缝中线性分布的发蓝色荧光的次生油包裹体，主峰波长461.38~481.80 nm，LN14井，5 459 m，O1‒2y；m. 片状分布的发蓝色荧光的次生油包裹体，主峰波长440.34~473.69 nm，LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；n. 孤立的发蓝色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长468.18 nm，LN14井，5 459 m，O1‒2y；o、p. 团簇分布的发蓝色荧光的油包裹体，主峰波长472.03~483.67 nm，LN14井，5 459 m，O1‒2y
Fig. 4. Fluorescence photographs of Ordovician inclusions in Lungu area
图 5 轮古地区奥陶系单个油包裹体荧光颜色和荧光光谱图
a、d. 方解石脉体中孤立发育的发黄褐色荧光的油包裹体（a. 单偏光照片，d. 荧光照片），LG7井，5 050 m，O1‒2y；b、e. 方解石脉体中零散发育的发黄绿色荧光的油包裹体井（b. 单偏光照片，e. 荧光照片），LG201井，5 359.5 m，O1‒2y；c、f. 方解石脉体中集群分布的发蓝色荧光的油包裹体（c. 单偏光照片，f. 荧光照片），LN54井，5 450 m，O1‒2y；g. 油包裹体荧光光谱谱图
Fig. 5. Fluorescence color and fluorescence spectra of single oil inclusions of Ordovician in the Lungu area
图 6 轮古地区奥陶系油包裹体荧光主峰波长分布
Fig. 6. Wavelength distribution of the main fluorescence peak of Ordovician oil inclusions in Lungu area
图 7 轮古地区典型井奥陶系流体包裹体均一温度‒埋藏史投影示意图
a. LG903井；b. LG201井；c. LN54井；d. LN631井
Fig. 7. Schematic diagrams of homogenization temperature-burial history projection of Ordovician fluid inclusions in typical wells in Lungu area
图 8 轮古地区奥陶系流体包裹体均一温度‒埋藏史投影确定的油气成藏时期
Fig. 8. The hydrocarbon accumulation period determined by the homogenization temperature and burial history projection of the Ordovician fluid inclusions in Lungu area
表 1 轮古地区奥陶系不同期次油包裹体伴生盐水包裹体均一温度分布
Table 1. Homogenization temperature distribution of oil inclusions associated with saline inclusions at different times in the Ordovician system in Lungu area
井名 层位 期次 伴生盐水包裹体均一温度（℃） 井名 层位 期次 伴生盐水包裹体均一温度（℃） LG43 O1‒2y 第一期 84.2~86.1 LN54 O1‒2y 第二期 90.2~111 第三期 107.2~122 LG903 O1‒2y 第一期 84.2~103.9 LN14 O1‒2y 第二期 79~90.5 第二期 91.2~104.5 第三期 110.8~120 LG7 O1‒2y 第一期 75~105.1 LN10 O1‒2y 第二期 89.7~110 第二期 87.8~109.7 第三期 96.7~112 LG201 O1‒2y 第一期 86.5~91.5 LN631 O2yj 第二期 95.1~118.9 第二期 83.5~98.5 第三期 116.2~120.5 第三期 105.4~119.5 LG801 O1‒2y 第一期 83~99.9 LG39 O2yj 第二期 95.3~103 
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