深俯冲地壳物质如何循环至地表？

吴魏伟; 杨经绥

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2022.803

深俯冲地壳物质如何循环至地表？

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.803

吴魏伟,
杨经绥^,

南京大学内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210023

详细信息

作者简介:
吴魏伟（1989-），男，助理研究员，主要从事蛇绿岩铬铁矿及其中超高压强还原矿物成因研究

通讯作者:
杨经绥(1950-)，男，中国科学院院士，主要从事岩石学与大地构造学研究.E-mail: yangjsui@163.com

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出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2022-10-25

摘要

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图 1 地球地幔中金刚石和铬铁矿的形成和深部物质循环模式(Yang et al., 2021)

壳源物质（洋壳和陆壳）与大洋岩石圈随板片俯冲进入地幔，可达地幔过渡带甚至下地幔深度.阶段1：古俯冲事件使得再循环岩石圈物质进入地幔深部，不仅造就了地幔内部不同尺度的不均一性，且使地幔中普遍存在由俯冲物质脱水/熔融形成的熔/流体.阶段2：金刚石可在~150 km或更深的深部地幔中从含碳流体中结晶形成.蛇绿岩型金刚石来源于俯冲下去的有机碳，其形成后被高压铬尖晶石捕获.阶段3：含金刚石的铬尖晶石可由地幔上涌携带至浅部，并与其他铬尖晶石（未含金刚石）一起构成豆荚状铬铁矿，并最终出现在洋脊或俯冲带构造环境.部分金刚石亦可被与地幔柱活动相关的金伯利岩、钾镁煌斑岩和科马提岩等岩浆携带就位于大陆中

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