深海环境噪声监测技术发展现状与展望

陆哲哲; 朱心科; 杜新光; 李家彪

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2023.162

深海环境噪声监测技术发展现状与展望

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2023.162

1.
自然资源部第二海洋研究所海底科学实验室, 浙江杭州 310012
2.
深海技术科学太湖实验室, 江苏无锡 214028

基金项目:

科技部国家重点研发计划项目 2021YFC3101400

深海技术科学太湖实验室揭榜挂帅项目 T7004-2022JBGS04001

详细信息

作者简介:
陆哲哲(1994-)，女，助理研究员，主要从事海洋科学、海洋地球物理勘探相关研究工作. ORCID：0000-0002-6910-9245. E-mail：luzz@sio.org.cn

通讯作者:
李家彪(1961-)，男，中国工程院院士，长期从事海底科学与探测技术研究. E-mail: jbli@sio.org.cn

中图分类号: P715
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-26
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-25

Development and Prospect of Deep-Sea Environmental Noise Monitoring Technology

Lu Zhezhe^{1
,
,},
Zhu Xinke¹,
Du Xinguang²,
Li Jiabiao^{1
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Taihu Laboratory of Deepsea Technological Science, Wuxi 214028, China

摘要

摘要: 以往关于人类活动对海洋生态系统产生的影响讨论主要聚焦于污染物的排放、过度二氧化碳的排放及过度开发等，然而人为噪声也是海洋生态系统的重要压力源之一.人为噪声的频率范围与海洋动物发出和感知的声音频率范围存在高度重合，因此人为噪声的增加会影响海洋动物的行为、生理甚至生存.鉴于海洋声景的快速变化，迫切需要发展深海环境噪声监测技术，评估人为噪声对深海生态系统的影响，从而针对性地减轻人类对海洋声景的影响，服务于构建健康的海洋.本文立足国内外研究形势，回顾人类活动影响下的海洋声景及深海噪声监测技术的发展情况，介绍多个致力于海洋噪声监测和研究的国际大计划，并呼吁相关机构及部门增强对海洋声景的关注，鼓励先进技术的研发，并制定相应的管理框架.
- 海洋声景 /
- 海洋生态系统 /
- 人为噪声 /
- 噪声监测技术 /
- 深海 /
- 噪声污染
Abstract: Previous discussions on the impact of human activities on the marine ecosystem mainly focused on issues such as pollutant emissions, excessive carbon dioxide emissions, and overexploitation. However, anthropogenic noise is also a significant stressor in the marine ecosystem. The frequency range of anthropogenic noise overlaps with the hearing range of marine animals, which can affect their behavior, physiology, and even survival. Given the rapid changes in the ocean soundscape, there is an urgent need to develop deep-sea environmental noise monitoring technology to assess the impacts of anthropogenic noise on deep-sea ecosystems and take targeted measures to mitigate the human impact on the ocean soundscape, serving the goal of constructing a healthy ocean. This paper is based on the domestic and international research situation, reviewing the development of marine soundscape and deep-sea noise monitoring technology under the influence of human activities, introducing several international initiatives dedicated to marine noise monitoring and research, and calling for increased attention from relevant organizations and departments to the ocean soundscape. It also encourages the development of advanced technologies and the establishment of corresponding management frameworks.
- ocean soundscape /
- marine ecosystem /
- anthropogenic noise /
- noise monitoring technology /
- deep sea /
- noise pollution

HTML全文

图 1 人类活动影响下的海洋声景(修改自Duarte et al., 2021)

Fig. 1. Ocean soundscapes influenced by human activities (modified after Duarte et al., 2021)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 可搭载水听器的监测平台

a.浮标，如Argo、Apex浮标等；b.水下滑翔机，如Slocum、Spray、Seaglider、海翼、海燕等；c.波浪滑翔机，如Red Flash、海鳐等；d.“飞翼”声学滑翔机，如X⁃Ray、Z⁃Ray等；e.球形声学仪，如海豚移动式海洋地震仪、MERMAID等；f.蝶形浮标

Fig. 2. Monitoring platform with hydrophone

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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