Microbial Indicator of Iron Cycling in Riverwater-Groundwater Interaction Zone - FMN Reductase Gene
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摘要: 黄素类还原酶（FMN还原酶）是微生物分泌电子穿梭体引导铁氧化还原的重要酶.为探讨FMN还原酶基因作为铁循环微生物指示物的可行性，以汉江下游河水-地下水交互带为研究区，研究了3个不同特点的河水-地下水交互带剖面沉积物中不同价态Fe浓度、代表性铁循环微生物和FMN还原酶基因相对丰度的分布相关性.结果表明：（1）在离河较近的地下水位以下区域聚积Fe（Ⅱ），而Fe（Ⅲ）主要聚集在地下水位线上或离河较远的区域；（2）铁循环微生物和FMN还原酶主要分布在近河岸地下水位线下的区域或水位线的周围，不同的铁循环微生物聚集的区域不同；（3）铁循环微生物总丰度ICB与FMN还原酶基因呈现出极显著的正相关.该研究结果表明FMN还原酶基因可以作为交互带铁循环的微生物指示物.Abstract: Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) reductases are important enzymes secreted by microorganisms to facilitate iron oxidation and reduction through electron transfer. In order to explore the feasibility of using FMN reductase genes as indicators of iron cycling microbes, in this study it focused on the interaction zone at the lower reaches of Han River as the research area. In the study it investigated the distributional correlations of different forms Fe, representative iron-cycling microorganisms, and the relative abundance of FMN reductase genes in sediments from three differently characterized riverwater-groundwater interaction zone profiles. The results indicate that (1) Fe(Ⅱ) accumulates in the area below the water table closer to the river, while Fe(Ⅲ) mainly accumulates in the area at the water table line or farther away from the river; (2) iron cycling microbes and FMN reductases were mainly distributed in the areas below the groundwater level close to the river bank or around the water level, with different areas of aggregation for different iron cycling bacteria; (3) there was a significant positive correlation between the total abundance of iron cycling microbes and FMN reductase genes. These findings validate the feasibility of using FMN reductase genes as indicators of iron cycling microbes.
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Key words:
- interactive zone /
- different forms of iron /
- iron cycling microorganism /
- FMN reductase /
- hydrogeology /
- geochemistry
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图 1 研究区及采样点分布
右图蓝色分别代表河水和地下水水位，红色为点位，线段标号为取样点的位置
Fig. 1. Distribution of study area and sampling points
图 2 交互带中FeTotal、Fe(Ⅱ)及Fe(Ⅲ)的空间分布特征
黑色线为地下水位线，空心圆为采样位置
Fig. 2. Spatial distribution characteristics of FeTotal, Fe(Ⅱ) and Fe(Ⅲ) in the interaction zone
图 3 交互带中四株代表性铁循环微生物功能基因的空间分布特征
ICB为4种铁循环微生物的总丰度；黑色线为地下水位线，空心圆为采样位置
Fig. 3. Spatial distribution characteristics of functional genes of four representative iron-circulating microorganisms in the interaction zone
图 4 交互带中FMN还原酶基因空间分布特征
黑色线为地下水位线，空心圆为采样位置
Fig. 4. Spatial distribution of FMN reductase gene in the interaction zone
图 5 交互带中Fe浓度、各铁循环微生物丰度及FMN还原酶基因丰度之间的相关系数
**表示在0.01级别（双尾），相关性显著；*表示在0.05级别（双尾），相关性显著
Fig. 5. Correlation coefficients between Fe concentrations, the abundance of iron cycle microorganisms, and the abundance of FMN reductase genes in the interaction zone
表 1 相关功能基因引物条件
Table 1. Primers of related functional genes
基因 （英文名） 引物 碱基组成（5’-3’） 退火温度(℃) 引物浓度
(nmol/L)16S rRNA F CCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG 59 250 R TTACCGCGGCTGCTGGCAC 红育菌属 Rhodoferax spp. F CGATTGGAGCGGCCGATAT 57 750 R CCAGTTGACATCGTTTAGGG 地杆菌科 Geobacteraceae spp. F AAGCGTTGTTCGGAWTTAT
GGCACTGCAGGGGTCAATA57 750 R GGTATGGCTGGATCAGGC 厌氧粘细菌 Anaeromyxobacter spp. F GCAACGCCGCGTGTGT 57 750 R TCCCTCGCGACAGTGCTT 披毛菌属 Gallionella spp. F ATATCGGAACATATCCGGAAGT 57 750 R GGTATGGCTGGATCAGGC FMN还原酶 FMN Reductase F CGCACGACATCACGAACA 57 500 R GCATGCAGGTAGGCGAACA 
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