矿山生态修复及其固碳潜力研究进展

陈珲; 崔一涵; 汪海明; 林建秋; 吴红雷; 彭景林; 张军军; 翟远征

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2024.081

矿山生态修复及其固碳潜力研究进展

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2024.081

1.
广东省地质局第三地质大队, 广东韶关 512028
2.
北京师范大学水科学研究院, 北京 100875
3.
广东省地质局, 广东广州 510080

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42077170

韶关市新丰县2023年度历史遗留废弃矿山生态修复项目 775282

详细信息

作者简介:
陈珲（1985-），女，高级工程师，主要从事环境水文地质研究工作.ORCID：0009-0006-3243-4702.E-mail：297108773@qq.com

通讯作者:
翟远征，教授，主要从事环境水文地质研究工作.ORCID: 0000-0002-2615-9859.E-mail: zyz@bnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X171.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-04
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-09
- 刊出日期: 2024-12-25

Advances in Mines Ecological Restoration and Carbon Sequestration Potential

1.
The Third Geological Brigade, Guangdong Geological Bureau, Shaoguan 512028, China
2.
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3.
Guangdong Geological Bureau, Guangzhou 510080, China

摘要

摘要: 作为全球最大的碳“储库”之一，矿山在全球碳循环中的作用备受关注.研究旨在通过系统梳理和深入分析矿山生态修复在固碳增汇和“碳中和”中的作用和机制，以及固碳潜力评估方法，为制订以生态恢复和固碳为目的矿山生态修复措施提供科学依据，从而为加快实现“双碳”目标助力.研究建立了矿山生态系统碳循环的概念模型；以矿山生态修复原理为基础，梳理并讨论了包括地形地貌重塑、土壤重构和植被重建的3大修复措施及其固碳机制，以及实施的注意事项；总结了固碳潜力评估模型和方法.下一步研究应在可持续发展的基础上不断优化修复措施并提高固碳评估的准确性，延长矿山生态修复效益维持时间，促成矿山生态系统固碳能力的可持续发展.
- 矿山 /
- 生态修复 /
- 碳中和 /
- 土壤重构 /
- 植被重建 /
- 水文地质
Abstract: As one of the largest carbon "reservoirs" in the world, the role of mines in the global carbon cycle has attracted much attention. In this study it aims to systematically sort out and deeply analyze the roles and mechanisms of mine ecological restoration in carbon sequestration and carbon neutrality. At the same time, it concludes the methods for assessing carbon sequestration potentials, to provide a scientific basis for formulating mine ecological restoration measures aimed at ecological restoration and carbon sequestration, and help to accelerate the achievement of the "dual-carbon" goal. In this study establishes a conceptual model of the carbon cycle in the mining ecosystem. Based on the principles of mine ecological restoration, it discusses three major restoration measures, including topographic and geomorphic remodeling, soil reconstruction and revegetation, and their carbon sequestration mechanisms, as well as the keys in their implementation. Besides, this study summarizes the carbon sequestration potential assessment model and method. The next step of the study should be to optimize the restoration measures and improve the accuracy of carbon sequestration assessment based on sustainable development, to prolong the maintenance time of the ecological benefits of mine restoration and contribute to the sustainable development of carbon sequestration capacity of mine ecosystems.
- mine /
- ecological restoration /
- carbon neutrality /
- soil reconstruction /
- revegetation /
- hydrogeology

HTML全文

图 1 矿山生态系统碳循环示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the carbon cycle in mining ecosystem

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 矿山生态修复流程

Fig. 2. Flow chart of mine ecological restoration measures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 矿山生态修复固碳潜力评估方法框架

Fig. 3. Framework diagram of the methodology for evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of mine ecological restoration

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 我国部分地区碳汇优势树种

Table 1. The dominant tree species for carbon sinks in some regions of China

地区	气候特点	研究区	研究区气候条件	碳汇优势树种
华北	夏季高温多雨冬季寒冷干燥	山西	年均温10 ℃年均降水量530 mm	桦木、落叶松、栎林等(陈遐林, 2003)
华南	夏季高温多雨冬季温和少雨	广东	年均温20 ℃年均降水量1 600 mm	灰木莲、厚荚相思、马尾松等(林玮等, 2020)
东北	四季分明雨热同期	辽宁	年均温7 ℃年均降水量750 mm	银中杨、油松、水曲柳等(于佳等, 2015)
西北	气候空间分异大年、日温差大	陕西	年均温12 ℃年均降水量670 mm	华山松、铁杉、冷杉、桦木等(岳程瑜, 2023)
西南	气候空间分异大	云南	年均温17 ℃年均降水量1 000 mm	乔松、黄杉、枫杨等(梁瑄等, 2023)

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