Geological Events during the Extreme Greenhouse Interval of Norian, Late Triassic
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摘要: 晚三叠世诺利期存在一个极端温室期，从中诺利期延续到晚诺利期早期，低纬度地区海水表层最高温度曾高达35 ℃，极高温期发生在牙形石Mockina bidentata带下部所代表的时限.诺利期极端温室期海洋和陆地上伴随着重要的生物演化事件，干湿气候的变化在不同地区表现并不完全一致.该时期发生了全球板块运动、火成岩省活动、火流星、地球化学指标显著变化等众多事件.这些事件的全球意义、潜在的因果关系以及在东特提斯的响应等亟需研究.我国发育有良好的诺利期地层序列，是东特提斯地区研究这一极端温室期气候变化与生物演化的理想区域.Abstract: An extreme greenhouse interval existed in the Norian of Late Triassic, lasted from the Middle Norian to the early Late Norian. The maximum sea surface temperature in low latitudes can reach 35 ℃ during the extremely high temperature interval occurred in the lower part of the conodont Mockina bidentata Zone. The extreme greenhouse interval of the Norian was accompanied by important biological evolution events in the ocean and land. The changes of dry and wet climate were not completely consistent in different regions. Many events occurred in this interval, such as global plate movement, igneous province activity, bolide and significant changes of geochemical indexes. The global significance of these events, their potential causality, and the response in the East Tethys need to be further studied. China has a good Norian stratigraphic sequence, which is an ideal area to study the climate change and biological evolution of this extreme greenhouse interval in the East Tethys region.
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Key words:
- Norian /
- extreme greenhouse /
- Pangaea /
- Late Triassic /
- Tethys /
- stratigraphy /
- climate change
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图 2 诺利期极端温室期重要环境地质事件时间坐标
地质年代表来自Ogg et al.（2020）；碳同位素来自Cramer and Jarvis（2020）；CNBE：Carnian-Norian Boundary Event，卡尼阶‒诺利阶界线附近碳同位素偏转事件；ENE：Early Norian Event，早诺利期碳同位素偏转事件；MNE：Middle Norian Event，中诺利期碳同位素偏转事件；LNE：Late Norian Event，晚诺利期碳同位素偏转事件；NRBE：Norian-Rhaetian Boundary Event，诺利‒瑞替阶界线附近碳同位素偏转事件；Manicouagan小行星撞击年龄来自Ramezani et al.（2005）；牙形石磷灰石氧同位素以及海表水温（SST，Sea surface temperature）重建来自Trotter et al.（2015）、Sun et al.（2020）、Du et al.（2021）、Chen et al.（2024）；Angayucham大火成岩省年龄来自Prokoph et al.（2013）；大气二氧化碳含量（pCO2）来自Knobbe and Schaller（2018）；虚线方框指示极端温室气候区间
Fig. 2. Time coordinates of important environmental geological events during the extreme greenhouse of the Norian
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