盆地圈层结构与城市地质安全

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2025.093

盆地圈层结构与城市地质安全

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.093

1. 中国地质大学(北京)地质安全研究院, 北京 100083;
2. 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 西安 710054;
3. 中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院, 徐州 221116

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目：太原盆地交城地裂缝带成因机理研究（42207202）、华北平原典型断控型地裂缝及其“深—表”破裂过程（42177123）。

详细信息

作者简介:
彭建兵（1953-），男，教授，博士，中国科学院院士，长期从事工程地质与灾害地质方面的教学与科研工作。E-mail：dicexy_1@chd.edu.cn，ORCID：0000-0002-3813-3322。

中图分类号: P642
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-07

Basin Layered Structure and Urban Geological Safety

1. College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China;
2. Institute of Geosafety, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China;
3. College of Resources and Earth Science, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

摘要

摘要: 随着我国城镇化水平不断提高，城市规模持续扩大，各大城市群建设趋于发展成熟，城市发展空间与生态环境压力日益凸显，这给城市地质安全及人居环境带来了严峻挑战，因而亟需开展系统性研究以保障居民生活与社会稳定。本文运用地球系统科学思维，在阐释圈层结构普遍性及其互馈作用的基础上，系统分析盆地各圈层结构与城市地质安全的内在关联，包括基底构造圈、盖层结构圈、水文循环圈、地下空间圈、地面工程圈，深入剖析各圈层动力作用下城市地质安全风险类型及其危害，最终揭示盆地各圈层相互关系及其互馈机制与城市地质安全风险的内在联系。即：基底构造圈→易灾构造环境→区域失稳风险，盖层结构圈→易灾关键层带→局域群灾风险；水文循环圈→易灾水文条件→城域陷裂风险，地下空间圈→易灾交互地带→围岩变形风险，地面工程圈→易灾群集空间→浅表灾变风险。上下级圈层相互关联、相互影响，圈层互馈作用研究对城市地质安全预警与防控至关重要。上述认识为城市地质安全风险防范提供了新思路，支撑安全中国、美丽中国等国家重大战略实施。
- 城市地质安全 /
- 盆地圈层结构 /
- 圈层互馈 /
- 灾害风险
Abstract: With the continuous improvement of urbanization levels in China and the ongoing expansion of urban scales, the construction of major city clusters is becoming more mature. However, the pressure on urban development space and ecological environment is increasingly prominent, posing severe challenges to urban geological safety and the living environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct systematic research to ensure the quality of life for residents and social stability. This paper applies earth system science thinking and, based on explaining the universality of the layered structure and its feedback interactions, systematically analyzes the intrinsic relationship between the various layered structures of basins and urban geological safety. This includes the basement structural layer, the cover layer structure, the hydrological cycle layer, the underground space layer, and the surface engineering layer. It thoroughly examines the types of urban geological safety risks and their hazards under the dynamic influences of each layer, ultimately revealing the internal link between the interrelationships and feedback mechanisms of basin layers and urban geological safety risks. Specifically: Basement structural zone → Disaster-prone structural environment → Regional instability risk; Cap rock structure zone → Disaster-prone key layer zone → Localized cluster disaster risk; Hydrological cycle zone → Disaster-prone hydrological conditions → Urban ground subsidence risk; Subsurface space zone → Disaster-prone interaction zone → Surrounding rock deformation risk; Ground engineering zone → Disaster-prone clustered space → Shallow surface disaster risks. The interrelation and interaction between the layers, as well as the feedback effects, are crucial for urban geological safety early warning and risk prevention and control. These insights provide new perspectives for urban geological safety risk prevention, supporting the implementation of national strategies such as Safe China and Beautiful China.
- Urban geological safety /
- Basin layered structure /
- Layered feedback interactions /
- Disaster risk

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