深部找矿：金属矿地震技术的机遇与挑战

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2025.109

深部找矿：金属矿地震技术的机遇与挑战

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.109

1. 中国地质大学(北京), "地质过程与矿产资源"国家重点实验室, 陆内火山与地震教育部重点实验室, 北京, 100083, "多波多分量"地震研究团队, 北京: 100083;
2. 南方科技大学地球与空间科学系, 深圳: 518055;
3. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京: 100029;
4. 中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院, 武汉: 430074;
5. 中国石油集团东方地球物理公司, 河北涿州:072751;
6. 山西省地球物理化学勘查院, 山西运城: 044004

基金项目:

“地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查”国家科技重大专项“地球物理探测颠覆性技术装备” （2024ZD1002700）

详细信息

作者简介:
王赟(1969-),男,教授,博士,主要从事地震各向异性、旋转地震学、多波勘探研究,ORICD:0000-0002-7543-4677,Email:yunwang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

通讯作者:
陈晓非(1958-),男,教授,博士,主要从事地震波传播和震源破裂动力学理论与数值模拟研究,ORICD:0000-0002-0950-8121,Email:chenxf@sustcch.cdu.cn

底青云(1964-),女,研究员,博士,主要从事电磁法理论方法与装备技术研究,ORICD:0000-0001-8055-6225,Email:qydi@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

中图分类号: P618
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-28
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-01

Deep Mineral Exploration: Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Reflection Seismic

1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Key Laboratory of Intraplate Volcanoes and Earthquakes, Ministry of Education, "MWMC" group, School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China;
3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
4. School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
5. BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corporation, Hebei 072751, China;
6. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Shanxi Province, Yuncheng 044004, China

摘要

摘要: 结合地质和钻孔资料，传统的重磁电、放射性物探技术可为寻找隐伏与深部金属矿提供量化的密度、磁性、电阻率与极化率、放射性等物性约束，反射地震能提供高精度、高分辨率层位与构造几何结构约束，重磁电震联合可大幅提高金属矿的勘查精度。但是，限于金属矿探测面临的复杂地表与地下构造等条件，传统反射地震技术采集成本高昂、纵波反射地震技术的多解性，已成为金属矿地震勘查技术面临的两个核心问题。在现代传感与通讯、计算机技术快速发展的带动下，针对如何降低金属矿地震探测成本和满足复杂地表与构造成像适应性的直接找矿需求，本文借鉴现代地震技术已在工程地质、化石能源等领域取得的最新研究成果，在重点剖析金属矿地震探测难点和挑战的基础上，给出了主被动源地震联合、人工智能地震采集、多分量地震散射成像、多场多波联合的技术方案。在此基础上，针对现有地震理论和方法的不足，讨论了需要重点攻关的研究方向。
- 物探 /
- 金属矿 /
- 地震技术 /
- 主被动源 /
- 人工智能 /
- 多分量
Abstract: Integrating geological and drilling data, traditional geophysical techniques such as gravity, magnetic, and electrical surveys provide quantifiable constraints on density, magnetic susceptibility, resistivity and polarization, for locating concealed and deep-seated metallic ores. Since seismic exploration offers higher spatial resolution on strata and structural geometry, its combination with gravity, magnetic, and electrical methods can significantly enhance exploration accuracy of metallic ores. Due to the complex terrain and subsurface geological conditions encountered in metallic ore exploration, however, the traditional reflection seismic method faces two major challenges: high acquisition costs and multiplicity of only P-wave velocity tomography. Therefore, based on modern sensing, communication and computing technologies, this paper draws on the latest seismic techniques applied in engineering geology and fossil energy to address how to reduce the cost of seismic survey and improve the imaging accuracy in conditions of complex surface and subsurface geological structures of metallic ores. After thorough analysis of the challenges in metallic ore seismic exploration, this paper proposes several technical solutions, including the combined use of active and passive source seismic, artificial intelligence-based seismic acquisition technique to decrease the seismic acquisition cost substantially, multicomponent seismic scattering imaging, and joint inversion for multiple physical parameters to improve accuracy of predicting ore deposits. Additionally, the paper discusses key issues that should be devoted in the future regarding the limitations of current seismic theories and techniques.
- Geophysical Prospecting /
- Metallic Ore /
- Seismic Technology /
- Active and Passive Sources /
- Artificial Intelligence /
- Multi-component

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深部找矿：金属矿地震技术的机遇与挑战

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.109

作者简介:
王赟(1969-),男,教授,博士,主要从事地震各向异性、旋转地震学、多波勘探研究,ORICD:0000-0002-7543-4677,Email:yunwang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

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Deep Mineral Exploration: Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Reflection Seismic

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深部找矿：金属矿地震技术的机遇与挑战

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.109

作者简介: 王赟(1969-),男,教授,博士,主要从事地震各向异性、旋转地震学、多波勘探研究,ORICD:0000-0002-7543-4677,Email:yunwang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

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Deep Mineral Exploration: Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Reflection Seismic

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出版历程

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作者简介:
王赟(1969-),男,教授,博士,主要从事地震各向异性、旋转地震学、多波勘探研究,ORICD:0000-0002-7543-4677,Email:yunwang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn