地表水长期回灌对温汤断裂热储的影响

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2025.110

地表水长期回灌对温汤断裂热储的影响

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.110

樊柄宏^1,2,
白细民^1,2,
叶海龙^1,2,
周国彬¹,
李严严³,
曾梓琪^1,2,
陈进¹,
王正^1,2

1) 江西省地质局水文地质大队, 江西南昌, 330095;
2) 南昌市水文地质与优质地下水资源开发利用重点实验室, 江西南昌, 330095;
3) 北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京, 100124

详细信息

中图分类号: P314
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-17
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-01

Influence of long-term surface water reinjection on the thermal reservoir of the Wentang Fault

1) Hydrogeology Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau, Jiangxi Nanchang, 330095;
2) Nanchang Key Laboratory of Hydrogeology and High Quality Groundwater Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Jiangxi Nanchang, 330095;
3) College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124

摘要

摘要: 断裂型热储回灌在增大地热水供给能力、抬升地热水水位等方面成效显著，能有效改善地热开发利用过程中的资源与环境问题，已引起广泛关注。本文以宜春温汤地热田为研究对象，采用时间序列分析、水文地球化学等方法，分析地热田地表水回灌—开采过程中回灌量、开采量、水温、水位和水质等长序列监测数据，总结地热田地温场、流体场和化学场等动态变化规律，研究长期回灌对断裂型热储回灌的可持续性和安全性。结果表明，回灌量是影响地温场、流体场和化学场动态变化的主要因素。长期回灌抬升地热田水位3.952～4.986m，增大水位动态变幅13.4倍，倒转水位平面分布方向；回灌量未超出阈值时，开采井水温随回灌量呈3～9个月延迟的反向变化，超出后则呈“断崖式”下降；长期回灌引起井温整体下降，最大幅度6.8～10.0℃，但控制回灌量后趋于稳定；回灌水直接“淡化”地热水，Piper三线图中水化学类型向地表水方向迁移，由HCO₃-Na型转变为HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca型；长期监测证实地热田回灌量控制在9734m³/d以下时安全可控，资源量增大414％。断裂型热储地表水回灌在控制回灌量不超出阈值时具有良好的可行性和安全性。
- 温汤 /
- 断裂对流型 /
- 地热 /
- 地表水回灌 /
- 热储动态
Abstract: Fractured geothermal reservoir reinjection has garnered significant attention for its remarkable effectiveness in enhancing geothermal water supply capacity, raising water levels, and mitigating resource and environmental issues associated with geothermal exploitation. This study focuses on the Yichun Wentang geothermal field, employing time series analysis and hydrogeochemical methods to analyze long-term monitoring data of reinjection volume, extraction volume, water temperature, water level, and water quality during surface water reinjection and extraction processes. The study summarizes the dynamic variations in the geothermal field’s temperature field, fluid field, and chemical field, and investigates the sustainability and safety of long-term reinjection in fractured reservoirs. The results indicate that reinjection volume is the primary factor influencing the dynamic changes in the temperature, fluid, and chemical fields. Long-term reinjection raises the geothermal field’s water level by 3.952–4.986 m, increases the dynamic amplitude of water level fluctuations by 13.4 times, and reverses the planar distribution direction of water levels. When the reinjection volume remains below the threshold, the production well’s water temperature exhibits an inverse correlation with reinjection volume, delayed by 3–9 months; exceeding the threshold leads to a "cliff-like" decline in temperature. Long-term reinjection causes an overall decrease in well temperatures, with a maximum reduction of 6.8–10.0°C, though stabilization occurs after controlling reinjection volume. Reinjection water directly "dilutes" geothermal water, shifting hydrochemical types in the Piper diagram toward surface water characteristics, transitioning from HCO₃-Na type to HCO₃·SO₄-Na·Ca type. Long-term monitoring confirms that the geothermal field remains safe and controllable when reinjection volume is maintained below 9,734 m³/d, increasing resource availability by 414%. Surface water reinjection in fractured reservoirs demonstrates good feasibility and safety, provided the reinjection volume does not exceed the threshold.
- Wentang /
- Fracture-Controlled Convection /
- Geothermal /
- Surface Water Reinjection /
- Reservoir dynamics

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