苏北盆地溱潼凹陷全油气系统油源对比

薛冈; 陈红汉; 马晓东; 臧素华; 昝灵; 白鸾羲; 邰浩; 苏鹏; 程吉; 苏丹梅; 黄天娇; 江嘉怡

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2025.130

苏北盆地溱潼凹陷全油气系统油源对比

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.130

薛冈^1,,
陈红汉^2, , ,,
马晓东¹,
臧素华¹,
昝灵¹,
白鸾羲¹,
邰浩¹,
苏鹏²,
程吉²,
苏丹梅²,
黄天娇²,
江嘉怡²

1.
中国石油化工股份有限公司华东油气分公司, 江苏南京 210000
2.
中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院石油地质系, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目“东部断陷盆地页岩油目标评价与先导试验” P20049-3

苏北盆地页岩油地质工程一体化关键技术 P21112

溱潼凹陷低TOC陆相页岩油勘探开发关键技术 P23190

详细信息

作者简介:
薛冈（1971-），男，博士，高级工程师，现主要从事油气勘探技术研究及科技管理工作.E-mail：xueg.hdsj@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
陈红汉, 教授，主要从事常规和非常油气成藏过程研究.ORCID: 0000-0001-6968-412X.E-mail: hhchen@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-09
- 刊出日期: 2025-12-25

Oil Correlation for Whole Petroleum System in Qintong Sag, Subei Basin

1.
SINOPEC East China Oil & Gas Company, Nanjing 210000, China
2.
Department of Petroleum Geology, School of Earth Resources, China University of Geoscience (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 随着湖相页岩油勘探开发不断深入，苏北盆地溱潼凹陷已进入全油气系统评价阶段.前人开展的油源对比研究侧重烃源岩发育时期湖水盐度变化对生物标志化合物的影响，难以满足“同时异相”烃源岩的全油气系统油源对比要求.本文在古气候驱动旋回地层及其对烃源岩发育控制作用分析的基础上，分析了溱潼凹陷11件页岩油和常规原油样品中反映硫化生境的芳基类异戊二烯烃生标，并进行全油气系统油源对比；同时，运用2，3，6-芳基类异戊二烯烃（2，3，6-AIPs）和2，3，4-芳基类异戊二烯烃（2，3，4-AIPs）构造的C₃=Σ（2，3，6-AIPs）/Σ（2，3，4-AIPs）和C₄=Σ（2，3，6-AIPs）/Σ（2，3，4-AIPs）+ Σ（2，3，6-AIPs）.指标，分别计算了页岩油和常规原油烃源岩的相对硫化强度和相对古水深.结果表明：（1）溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段发育早期湖扩→晚期湖扩→高位体系域低频旋回，且由9个四级准层序组和32.5个五级准层高频旋回构成；总体上呈现着寒冷干旱→温暖潮湿、（半）咸化→淡水介质演变趋势.（2）阜宁组二段残留总有机碳丰度（TOC）相对高值对应于体系域旋回的温暖潮湿和淡化介质最大湖泛面，相对低值对应于寒冷干燥和咸化介质初始湖泛面.温暖潮湿的半深湖-深湖相淡水介质环境更有利于有机质的富集.（3）阜二段发育水体较浅+硫化较弱咸化环境、水体较深+硫化中等咸化环境、水体最深+硫化最强咸化环境和非硫化+淡水环境等4种类型的烃源岩.该研究不仅为“同时异相”烃源岩评价提供了一种新的工具，而且为全油气系统分布序列建立提供依据.
- 油源对比 /
- 全油气系统 /
- 芳基类异戊二烯烃 /
- 生物标志化合物 /
- 高分辨层序地层 /
- 溱潼凹陷 /
- 石油地质
Abstract: With the continual progressing of shale oil exploration and development in lacustrine facies, the investigation in Qintong sag of Subei basin steps into the stage of whole petroleum system evaluation. The previous oil correlation researches focused on the influence of salinity of lake water during source rock development onto biomarkers, which is hard to satisfy the requirement of oil correlation with the source rocks of "contemporaneous heterotopic facies" for whole petroleum system. This study is on the basis of analysis of controlling of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy driven by paleoclimate on source rock development and distribution, totally 11 shale oil and conventional crude oil samples in Qintong sag have been employed to measure the aryl isoprenoid biomarkers which can reflect sulfuration habitat and be used to correlate the whole petroleum system with source rocks. Meanwhile, the 2, 3, 6- aryl isoprenoids (2, 3, 6-AIPs) and 2, 3, 4- aryl isoprenoids (2, 3, 4-AIPs) have been applied to build two parameters: C₃=Σ(2, 3, 6-AIPs)/Σ(2, 3, 4-AIPs) and C₄=Σ(2, 3, 6-AIPs)/ Σ(2, 3, 4-AIPs)+ Σ(2, 3, 6-AIPs), which are utilized to calculate the relative sulfuration intensity and relative paleo-depth of lake water for the source rocks of shale oils and conventional crude oils, respectively. And then, several research results have been obtained as following. (1) The second member of Funing Formation in Qintong sag underwent the low frequency cycle of earlier lake expansion system tract (EEST)→later lake expansion system tract (LEST) →high level system tract (HST), which can be divided into high frequency cycle of 9-fourth level quasi-sequence group (P1-P9), and 32.5-fifth level subsequences, which indicates the total tendency from the (semi-) haline water during the earlier cold and dry paleoclimate evolving into the fresh water during the later warm and humid paleoclimate. (2) The relative higher values of residual total organic carbon (TOC) in the second member of Funing Formation are always corresponding to the maximum lake flooding surface of system tract cycles with warm and humid paleo-climate and fresh water; and the relative lower values of residual TOC being always corresponding to the initial lake flooding surface with cold and dry paleo-climate and (semi-) haline water. This leads to a conclusion that bathyal-deep lake environments with warm, humid paleoclimate and fresh water are more beneficial to organic enrichment. (3) Four types of source rocks in the second member of Funing Formation can be recognized: the first is relatively shallower water column and weaker sulfuration facies; the second being relatively deeper water column and moderate sulfuration facies; the third being deeper water column and intensive sulfuration facies; and the fourth being deeper and fresh water column facies. This research is not only providing a new tool for "contemporaneous heterotopic facies" source rock evolution, but also giving the evidence to establish the distribution sequence of whole petroleum system.
- correlation of oil with source rock /
- whole petroleum system /
- aryl isoprenoid /
- biomarker /
- high-resolution sequence stratigraphy /
- Qintong sag /
- petroleum geology

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图 1 苏北盆地构造单元划分及溱潼凹陷位置图(a)、溱潼凹陷阜二段底(T33)构造图和油藏及原油样品井位(b)

Fig. 1. Structural unit division and the location of Qintong sag (a) and the structural map of the bottom boundary of the second member of Funing Formation (T33) and locations of oil samples in Qintong sag (b)

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图 2 苏北盆地溱潼凹陷综合地层柱状图

Fig. 2. The synthetic stratigraphic column of Qintong sag in Subei basin

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图 3 溱潼凹陷全油气系统剖面图(剖面位置见图 1b)

Fig. 3. The profile map showing the whole petroleum system in Qintong sag (the profile location seeing in Fig. 1b)

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图 4 溱潼凹陷QY1井阜二段旋回性地层与有机/无机地化指标关系

化学风化指数CWI=[Al₂O₃/(Al₂O₃+Na₂O+K₂O)] ×100

Fig. 4. The cyclic stratigraphic column and relative organic-inorganic geochemical of well QY1 in Qintong sag

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图 5 溱潼凹陷溱页1井阜二段泥页岩总离子流图(TIC)

Fig. 5. The total ion current diagrams of mudstones and shales of the second member of Funing Formation in well QY1 in Qintong sag

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图 6 溱潼凹陷溱页1井阜二段泥页岩质量色谱图(m/z=191)

Fig. 6. The mass chromatograms (m/z=191) of mudstones and shales of the second member of Funing Formation in well QY1 in Qintong sag

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图 7 溱潼凹陷溱页1井阜二段泥页岩质量色谱图(m/z=217)

Fig. 7. The mass chromatograms (m/z=217) of mudstones and shales of the second member of Funing Formation in well QY1 in Qintong sag

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图 8 溱潼凹陷溱页1井阜二段泥页岩分子地球化学特征剖面

TT.三环萜，C₂₄TeT.C₂₄四环萜，GI.伽马蜡烷/C₃₀藿烷；ETR=C₂₈TT/ C₂₈TT+ C₂₉TT；C₃₅/C₃₄H∶C₃₅/C₃₄.升藿烷比值，CPI.碳优势指数=∑（奇数碳正构烷烃）/ ∑（偶数碳正构烷烃）

Fig. 8. The molecular geochemical characteristic profile of mudstones and shales of the second member of Funing Formation in well QY1 in Qintong sag

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图 9 溱页1井泥页岩中β-胡萝卜烷、伽马蜡烷和芳基类异戊二烯发育的相关性

Fig. 9. The relationship among β-daucanes, gammaceranes and aryl isoprenoids of mudstones and shales of the second member of Funing Formation of well QY1 in Qintong sag

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图 10 溱潼凹陷页岩油和常规原油检测到芳基类异戊二烯烃GC-MS图谱

Fig. 10. The GC-MS spectra of detected aryl isoprenoids of shale oils and conventional crude oils in Qintong sag

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图 11 溱潼凹陷页岩油和常规原油未检测到芳基类异戊二烯烃GC-MS图谱

Fig. 11. The GC-MS spectrums of undetected aryl isoprenoids of shale oils and conventional crude oils in Qintong sag

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图 12 溱潼凹陷页岩油和常规油F₁与F₂关系

Fig. 12. The plot of F₁ vs. F₂ of shale oils and conventional oils in Qintong sag

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表 1 溱潼凹陷QY1井阜二段烃源岩热解地化参数统计

Table 1. The statistical geochemical parameters of source rock pyrolysis of the second member of Funing Formation of Well QY1 in Qintong sag

样品编号	深度(m)	小层	TOC(%)		有机质类型	Ro(%)		S₁(mg/g)		S₂(mg/g)		OSI(mg·g^-1/TOC)
样品编号	深度(m)	小层	范围	平均值	有机质类型	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值	范围	平均值
QY1-1~QY1-4	3 680.53~3 702.24	E₁f₂-Ⅴ-1	1.25~1.76	1.52	Ⅱ₁	0.87~0.95	0.91	0.91~1.55	1.21	3.72~5.21	4.65	69.41~88.06	79.26
QY1-5~QY1-9	3 705.85~3 738.90	E₁f₂-Ⅳ-1	1.98~2.82	2.35	Ⅱ₁	0.98	0.98	1.40~2.11	1.75	5.61~10.38	7.59	59.83~96.78	75.81
QY10-1~QY1-16	3 744.86~3 760.93	E₁f₂-Ⅲ-2	0.60~2.89	1.73	Ⅱ₁	0.89~1.07	0.99	0.55~2.50	1.48	1.37~14.69	6.75	52.02~133.08	91.59
QY10-17~QY1-24	3 766.51~3 796.98	E₁f₂-Ⅲ-1	0.27~2.60	1.22	Ⅱ₂	0.95	0.95	0.10~6.21	1.97	0.14~11.50	3.37	37.04~326.84	136.95
QY10-25~QY1-28	3 799.91~3 809.03	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-8	0.95~1.86	1.30	Ⅱ₂	1.06~1.11	1.09	1.46~3.72	2.68	1.16~5.33	2.80	136.45~347.34	213.51
QY10-29~QY1-32	3 810.72~3 819.02	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-7	0.69~1.60	1.16	Ⅱ₂	0.97	0.97	0.75~2.91	2.12	1.51~4.05	2.63	108.70~216.15	174.78
QY10-33~QY1-36	3 823.31~3 834.19	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-6	1.11~1.56	1.43	Ⅱ₂	0.96~1.09	1.03	1.77~3.65	2.32	1.94~3.57	2.90	113.46~243.33	163.65
QY10-37~QY1-41	3 837.40~3 849.15	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-5	0.93~1.76	1.28	Ⅲ	1.07	1.07	1.76~3.61	2.67	0.85~4.75	2.33	120.55~269.44	215.81
QY10-42~QY1-44	3 852.95~3 860.13	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-4	1.74~2.65	2.25	Ⅱ₁	1.00~1.01	1.01	1.38~6.63	3.56	4.97~10.57	8.28	58.47~250.19	154.04
QY10-45~QY1-49	3 864.69~3 874.99	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-3	0.95~1.88	1.23	Ⅱ₂	1.01	1.01	1.92~4.03	2.82	1.20~4.20	2.20	202.11~266.10	230.16
QY10-50~QY1-53	3 880.74~3 891.65	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-2	0.39~1.61	1.10	—	—	—	0.39~2.25	1.38	0.27~2.66	1.51	54.66~181.65	127.35
QY10-54~QY1-60	3 893.28~3 908.27	E₁f₂-Ⅱ-1	0.32~1.35	0.69	Ⅲ-Ⅱ₂	1.08~1.09	1.09	0.11~1.53	0.69	0.21~2.75	0.90	30.00~150.00	85.53
QY10-61~QY1-64	3 912.96~3 922.23	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-10	0.21~0.74	0.42	Ⅲ-Ⅱ₂	1.00~1.11	1.06	0.06~0.73	0.35	0.10~0.70	0.39	26.09~112.24	66.39
QY10-65~QY1-67	3 926.13~3 931.52	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-9	0.34~0.60	0.50	Ⅱ₂	0.91	0.91	0.17~0.71	0.38	0.22~1.04	0.60	49.09~118.33	72.47
QY10-68~QY1-71	3 933.40~3 942.80	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-8	0.52~1.11	0.77	Ⅲ	0.94	0.94	0.91~2.35	1.56	0.41~1.66	1.07	175.00~236.84	201.11
QY10-72~QY1-77	3 946.33~3 962.04	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-7	0.44~1.73	0.86	Ⅲ-Ⅱ₂	1.00~1.24	1.12	0.47~2.20	1.06	0.39~5.15	1.58	106.82~155.17	124.27
QY10-78~QY1-82	3 965.31~3 974.71	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-6	0.33~1.35	0.78	Ⅲ	1.06	1.06	0.12~2.83	1.48	0.12~2.39	0.95	36.36~336.90	173.05
QY10-83~QY1-92	3 978.38~3 992.57	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-5	0.76~1.86	1.25	Ⅱ₂	0.88	0.88	1.60~9.80	4.07	0.54~4.15	1.84	136.75~673.12	327.06
QY10-93~QY1-101	3 997.51~4 017.22	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-4	0.75~1.73	1.34	Ⅱ₂	0.88~1.04	0.96	1.29~3.67	2.35	0.67~3.20	2.06	113.29~293.60	179.23
QY10-102~QY1-103	4 021.55~4 024.40	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-3	1.15~1.23	1.19	—	—	—	1.62~1.90	1.76	1.43~2.21	1.82	131.71~165.22	148.47
QY10-104~QY1-106	4 028.07~4 033.53	E₁f₂-Ⅰ-2	0.60~0.76	0.68	Ⅲ	1.19	1.19	0.64~1.09	0.82	0.36~0.60	0.50	104.35~143.42	118.15
注：—为未检测；TOC为总有机碳含量；Ro为镜质体反射率；S₁为可溶烃含量；S₂为热解烃含量；OSI为含油饱和度指数.

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表 2 溱页1井阜二段烃源岩GC-MS测试样品信息

Table 2. The GC-MS analysis sample information of source rocks for the second member of Funing Formation in well QY1

序号	样品编号	岩性	均深(m)	层位
1	QY1-8	泥岩	3 687.58	E₁f₂-Ⅴ
2	QY1-18	泥岩	3 697.82	E₁f₂-Ⅴ
3	QY1-18RE(重复样品)	泥岩	3 697.82	E₁f₂-Ⅴ
4	QY1-39	灰质泥岩	3 717.80	E₁f₂-Ⅳ
5	QY1-49	灰质泥岩	2 727.28	E₁f₂-Ⅳ
6	QY1-61	含灰泥岩	3 738.98	E₁f₂-Ⅳ
7	QY1-61RE(重复样品)	含灰泥岩	3 738.98	E₁f₂-Ⅳ
8	QY1-67	灰云质泥岩	3 744.48	E₁f₂-Ⅲ
9	QY1-98	灰云质泥岩	3 770.56	E₁f₂-Ⅲ
10	QY1-117	灰云质泥岩	3 787.68	E₁f₂-Ⅱ
11	QY1-142	纹层状泥灰岩	3 809.27	E₁f₂-Ⅱ
12	QY1-213	灰云质泥岩	3 875.04	E₁f₂-Ⅱ
13	QY1-268	含灰云泥岩	3 925.54	E₁f₂-Ⅰ
14	QY1-280	灰云质泥岩	3 935.41	E₁f₂-Ⅰ
15	QY1-301	灰云质泥岩	3 952.77	E₁f₂-Ⅰ
16	QY1-409	含灰云泥岩	4 043.03	E₁f₂-Ⅰ
17	QY1-422	含灰云泥岩	4 055.48	E₁f₂-Ⅰ

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表 3 溱潼凹陷页岩油和常规原油芳基类异戊二烯化合物参数

Table 3. The parameters of aryl isoprenoid of shale oils and conventional crude oils in Qintong sag

样品编号	油藏类型	井号	层位	深度(m)	是否检测到AIPs	F₁	F₂
QY1-103X	深凹带页岩油	溱页1	E₁f₂-Ⅰ	5 230.8~5 272.5	×	—	—
QY2HFFC	深凹带页岩油	溱页2HF	E₁f₂-Ⅱ	5 403~5 420.5	√	1.58	77.94
LY1-1	深凹带页岩油	鲁页1-1	E₁f₂-Ⅰ	4 024~4 085.8	√	1.49	89.33
SY3-7	深凹带页岩油	帅页3-7	E₁f₂-Ⅰ	3 771~5 118	√	1.14	89.05
H201X	深凹带页岩油	红201斜	E₁f₂-Ⅰ~Ⅱ	4 182~4 218	√	1.78	86.71
SD201X	深凹带页岩油(侵入岩蚀变)	沙垛201斜	E₁f₂-Ⅰ~Ⅲ	3 374~3 686.8	√	0.78	95.11
J2-2-5	西斜坡常规油藏	吉2-2-5	E₁f₃	1 505.1~1 666.4	√	0.87	91.23
NH2-24	西斜坡常规油藏	南华2-24	E₁f₃	1 732.8~1 745.6	√	0.84	90.61
C8-18	西斜坡常规油藏	陈8-18	E₁f₃	1 693.8~1 695.4	×	—	—
S1-16	内斜坡常规油藏	帅1-16	E₂d₁	2 599.3~2 663.3	√	0.89	95.8
Z1-10	深凹带常规油藏	赵1-10	E₂d₁	2 754.3~2 757.6	√	1.20	95.3
Cang1	西斜坡常规油藏	仓1	E₁f₃	2 210.6~2 310	√	0.85	97.1
Zhu1	断阶带常规油藏	祝1	E₁f₃	2 698~2 703	√	0.68	94.8
CZ1	断阶带常规油藏	草中1	E₁f₃	3 087.4~3 132	√	0.63	95.5
H1	断阶带常规油藏	红1	E₂s₁	2 137.3~2 303.6	√	0.80	92.3
H101	断阶带常规油藏	红101	E₂s₂	1 845.3~1 859.6	×	—	—
XB2	北斜坡常规油藏	兴北2	E₁f₃	2 378.2~2 391.4	√	0.86	93.2
G1-2	北斜坡常规油藏	广1-2	E₁f₃	2 111~2 176	√	0.83	93.5
注：“√”表示检测到AIPs；“×”表示未检测到AIPs.

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