砂质盆地多级次地下水流系统中硝酸盐水文遗留时间模拟及管控启示

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.096

砂质盆地多级次地下水流系统中硝酸盐水文遗留时间模拟及管控启示

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.096

潘天硕^1,3,
黄鑫^2,3,
陈喜¹,
平雪^3, ,,
孙蓉琳³

1. 天津大学地球系统科学学院表层地球系统科学研究院, 天津 300072;
2. 四川省国土空间生态修复与地质灾害防治研究院, 四川成都 610081;
3. 中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 湖北武汉 430078

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年项目（No.42407075）；国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目（No.GZC20241601）；中国博士后科学基金项目(2025M773158)；自然资源部2024年度部省合作项目（2024ZRBSHZ021）

详细信息

作者简介:
潘天硕（2002-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事地下水数值模拟研究，ORCID： 0009-0003-2627-8086，E-mail： tshpan@tju.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
平雪ORCID： 0000-0002-2954-5317，E-mail： xping@cug.edu.cn.

中图分类号: P641
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-12-12
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-13

Simulation of Nitrate Hydrologic Residence Time in a Hierarchical Groundwater Flow System of Sandy Basin and Implications from Management

Pan Tianshuo^1,3,
Huang Xin^2,3,
Chen Xi¹,
Ping Xue^{3
, ,},
Sun Ronglin³

1. Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
2. Sichuan Institute of Land and Space Ecological Restoration and Geological Hazard Prevention and Control, Chengdu 610081, China;
3. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China

摘要

摘要: 本文以小型砂质盆地为例，基于二维Tóth模型探究了硝酸盐在多级次地下水流系统中的水文遗留时间特征。(结果)随着入渗强度增大，水流系统从单一区域系统、嵌套系统向单一局部水流系统转化，盆地硝酸盐平均水文遗留时间递减，但较长遗留时间(250～500年)占比始终最大。排泄区硝酸盐浓度受相邻局部水流系统主导，其发育深度越大，水文遗留时间越长。若不削减输入，排泄区硝酸盐浓度经2～8年稳定后无法下降，立即停输比逐步停输使硝酸盐提前4～6年恢复本底值。(结论)控制地下水硝酸盐污染需优先管控相邻局部水流系统硝酸盐输入，或通过调控补给强度改变局部水流系统的发育深度，但快速削减地下水硝酸盐输入量无法显著改善管控措施对水质改善的滞后性。
- 硝酸盐 /
- Tóth理想盆地 /
- 地下水流系统 /
- 氮遗留 /
- 水文遗留时间 /
- 污染管控措施
Abstract: This study investigates the nitrate hydrologic residence time (NHRT) in a sandy, hierarchical groundwater flow system based on a 2D Tóth basin. [Results] Results show that with increasing groundwater recharge intensity, groundwater flow systems evolve from a single regional system to nested systems, and finally to a single local flow system. The mean NHRT within the basin decreases across five distinct flow system patterns, but the proportion of longer-duration NHRT (250-500 a) remains dominant. Nitrate concentrations in discharge zones were primarily governed by adjacent local flow systems. A greater development depth of the local system prolongs NHRT in the discharge zone. Under nitrate input control scenarios, the baseline simulation (no input reduction) shows that concentrations in discharge zones stabilized within 2-8 years and then failed to decline. Compared to a gradual cessation, an immediate cessation of nitrate input accelerates recovery to background levels by only 4-6 years. [Conclusion] The findings suggest that effective control of groundwater nitrate pollution requires either prioritizing input reduction in recharge areas of adjacent local flow systems or altering their development depth by regulating recharge intensity. Nevertheless, rapid cuts in nitrate loading do not substantially mitigate the inherent time lag of water quality response to remediation measures.
- nitrate /
- Tóthian basin /
- groundwater flow system /
- legacy of nitrogen /
- hydrologic residence time /
- pollution control strategies

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砂质盆地多级次地下水流系统中硝酸盐水文遗留时间模拟及管控启示

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.096

作者简介:
潘天硕（2002-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事地下水数值模拟研究，ORCID： 0009-0003-2627-8086，E-mail： tshpan@tju.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
平雪ORCID： 0000-0002-2954-5317，E-mail： xping@cug.edu.cn.

计量

Simulation of Nitrate Hydrologic Residence Time in a Hierarchical Groundwater Flow System of Sandy Basin and Implications from Management

计量

目录

留言板

砂质盆地多级次地下水流系统中硝酸盐水文遗留时间模拟及管控启示

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.096

作者简介: 潘天硕（2002-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事地下水数值模拟研究，ORCID： 0009-0003-2627-8086，E-mail： tshpan@tju.edu.cn.

通讯作者: 平雪ORCID： 0000-0002-2954-5317，E-mail： xping@cug.edu.cn.

计量

出版历程

Simulation of Nitrate Hydrologic Residence Time in a Hierarchical Groundwater Flow System of Sandy Basin and Implications from Management

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
潘天硕（2002-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事地下水数值模拟研究，ORCID： 0009-0003-2627-8086，E-mail： tshpan@tju.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
平雪ORCID： 0000-0002-2954-5317，E-mail： xping@cug.edu.cn.