西湖凹陷断裂体系发育特征及其控盆效应

蒋一鸣; 郑津杭; 唐贤君; 何新建; 吴智平; 吴青波; 程燕君

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.105

西湖凹陷断裂体系发育特征及其控盆效应

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.105

1.
中海石油(中国)有限公司上海分公司, 上海 200335
2.
中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580
3.
山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院, 山东青岛 266590

基金项目:

新型油气勘探开发国家科技重大专项 2025ZD1402802

中海油（中国）有限公司重大三外项目 CCL2023SHPS002EM

详细信息

作者简介:
蒋一鸣（1983-），男，高级工程师，主要从事海洋油气勘探开发研究.E-mail：jiangym2@cnooc.com.cn

通讯作者:
郑津杭，E-mail：1801040409@s.upc.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.13
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- 文章访问数: 163
- HTML全文浏览量: 47
- PDF下载量: 25
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-28
- 刊出日期: 2026-07-25

Developmental Characteristics of Fault System and Its Basin-Controlling Effects in Xihu Sag

1.
Shanghai Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China
2.
School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
3.
College of Earth and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

摘要

摘要: 西湖凹陷是中国东部近海中、新生代叠合含油气盆地东海陆架盆地的重要组成部分，其断裂体系发育时空差异特征不仅决定了盆地结构，也控制了油气成藏.运用最新的三维地震连片资料及钻井资料，对西湖凹陷断裂体系的发育特征及其控盆效应进行了系统分析，区划出新生代盆地基底先存、裂陷拉张及反转挤压3类不同成因类型的断裂体系，明确了NW（NWW）向先存基底断裂对新生代西湖凹陷斜坡带、中央反转带的南北分区效应；揭示了新生代裂陷早期（前平湖组沉积期）由NE-SW向断裂主控至裂陷晚期（平湖组沉积期）由近SN向断裂主控的转变；阐明了纵张、横张及逆断（反转）等龙井、冲绳运动挤压反转形成的断裂体系与反转背斜的成因联系.研究成果对于认识西湖凹陷乃至整个东海陆架盆地构造差异演化过程与机理具有理论意义，也可为该地区油气勘探实践提供指导.
- 断裂体系 /
- 控盆效应 /
- 西湖凹陷 /
- 石油地质学
Abstract: The Xihu Sag is an important Meso-Cenozoic superimposed petroliferous basin in the East China Sea Shelf Basin offshore eastern China. The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of its fault system development not only determine the basin structure but also control hydrocarbon accumulation. This paper uses the latest integrated 3D seismic data and drilling data to systematically analyze the developmental characteristics and basin-controlling effects of the fault system in the Xihu Sag, classifying three genetically distinct fault types: pre-existing Cenozoic basement faults, rift-related extensional faults, and inversion-related compressional faults. It clarifies the north-south partitioning effect of NW (NWW)-trending pre-existing basement faults on the Cenozoic slope belt and central inversion zone of the Xihu Sag; reveals the transition from NE-SW-trending faults dominating the early rifting stage (pre-Pinghu Formation deposition) to near SN-trending faults dominating the late rifting stage (Pinghu Formation deposition); and elucidates the genetic relationships between compressional inversion fault systems (longitudinal tension, transverse tension, and reverse faults) formed during the Longjing and Okinawa tectonic movements and inversion anticlines. The research results hold theoretical significance for understanding the tectonic differential evolution process and mechanisms of the Xihu Sag and even the entire East China Sea Shelf Basin, and can provide guidance for hydrocarbon exploration practices in this region.
- fault controlled system /
- basin-controlling effect /
- Xihu Sag /
- petroleum geology

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图 1 西湖凹陷构造位置与构造单元组成

据周心怀等(2019)修改. a.西湖凹陷在东海盆地内的构造位置; b.西湖凹陷构造单元组成

Fig. 1. Structural location and structural unit composition of Xihu Sag

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图 2 中、新生代东海盆地地层结构与构造演化综合柱状图

Fig. 2. Comprehensive histogram of stratigraphic structure and tectonic evolution of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic East China Sea Basin

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图 3 西湖凹陷断裂纲要图

Fig. 3. Map showing the distribution of the fault system and structural units in the Xihu Sag

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图 4 西湖凹陷SSW-NNE向测线所揭示的断裂体系发育特征(测线位置见图 3)

a.斜坡带AA'; b.凹陷中央带BB’; c.中央反转带CC’

Fig. 4. The development characteristics of the fault system revealed by the SSW-NNE trending line in the Xihu Sag

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图 5 西湖凹陷NW-SE向测线所揭示的断裂体系发育特征（测线位置见图 3）

a.杭州斜坡‒嘉兴反转带DD’；b.平湖斜坡‒宁波反转带EE’；c.天台斜坡‒天台反转带FF’

Fig. 5. The development characteristics of fault system revealed by NW-SE trending survey line in the Xihu Sag

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图 6 重力、磁力资料所揭示的东海盆地NW向基底断裂

a.重力异常图；b.磁力异常图

Fig. 6. The NW-trending basement faults in the East China Sea Basin revealed by gravity and magnetic data

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图 7 地震资料所揭示的NW向先存断裂在后期的走滑复活效应

a.沿层属性相干切面（T12）；b.地震测线（位置见图a）

Fig. 7. The later strike-slip reactivation effect of NW-trending pre-existing faults revealed by seismic data

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图 8 西湖凹陷三维工区主要断裂裂陷期的活动强度分析

a.新生代前平湖组沉积期（T100-T40）主要断层的落差；b.新生代平湖组沉积期（T40-T30）主要断层的落差. 选择过各断裂中部且与之近于垂直的NWW-SEE向测线进行断层落差统计，图中横坐标为自北向南的各NWW-SEE向的测线号，纵坐标为各测线所切断层的落差；各断层的发育平面位置见图 3

Fig. 8. The activity intensity analysis diagram of the main fault rifting period in the three-dimensional work area of the Xihu Sag

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图 9 挤压反转褶皱伴生的断裂体系发育模式

Fig. 9. Development mode of fault system associated with compressional inversion fold

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图 10 地震资料所揭示的西湖凹陷中央反转褶皱带逆断层与反转断层

a.嘉兴反转带北；b.宁波反转带北

Fig. 10. The reverse faults in the central inversion zone of the Xihu Sag revealed by seismic data

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图 11 西湖凹陷中央反转带褶皱幅度与挤压派生断裂数量相关性分析

a.中央反转带的背斜形态；b.褶皱幅度与派生断裂数量

Fig. 11. Correlation analysis between fold amplitude and number of compression-derived faults in central inversion zone of the Xihu Sag

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图 12 西湖凹陷断裂体系发育演化模式

a.前古近纪；b.古近纪早期裂陷（前平湖组沉积期）；c.古近纪晚期裂陷（平湖组沉积期）；d.新近纪挤压反转

Fig. 12. Development and evolution model of fault system in the Xihu Sag

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图 13 西湖凹陷西部斜坡带的结构差异

Fig. 13. Structural difference of western slope zone in the Xihu Sag

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图 14 西湖凹陷南北不同区带测线的伸展率计算

纵坐标为依据所选各NWW-SEE向测线进行平衡剖面分析计算得出的各时期伸展率，其值为：（后期剖面长度‒前期剖面长度）/前期剖面长度，正值体现伸展强度，负值体现挤压强度）

Fig. 14. Stretching rate calculation of survey lines in different zones in north and south of the Xihu Sag

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图 15 先存断裂对后期构造变形的调节转换所导致的分区效应

a.拉张转换（据Uzel et al.，2013修改）；b.挤压转换（据Fossen and Rotevatn, 2016）

Fig. 15. The zoning effect caused by the adjustment and transformation of the pre-existing fault to the later structural deformation

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图 16 西湖凹陷裂陷期主控断裂与地层展布

a.宝石组沉积期; b.平湖组沉积期

Fig. 16. Main controlling faults and stratigraphic distribution in the Xihu Sag during rifting period

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