青海省湖泊沉积物中有机氯农药的空间分布、来源解析和风险评价

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.115

青海省湖泊沉积物中有机氯农药的空间分布、来源解析和风险评价

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.115

中国地质大学(武汉)地质微生物与环境全国重点实验室, 湖北武汉, 430074

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.4237071752).

详细信息

作者简介:
刘嘉璇(2000-)，女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为有机氯农药环境地球化学方向研究，ORCID:0009-0007-2745-0123,E-mail:liu_jiaxuan@cug.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
瞿程凯(1988-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事持久性有机污染物的环境地球化学行为及其生态毒理与健康风险的研究，ORCID:0000-0001-9531-4018,E-mail:chengkaiqu@sina.com

中图分类号: X52
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-12-26
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-13

Spatial Distribution, Source Apportionment and Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Lake Sediments of Qinghai Province

State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 为认识青海省湖泊沉积物中有机氯农药（OCPs）的污染特征及其潜在生态风险，以青海省19个典型湖泊为研究对象，系统分析沉积物中滴滴涕类（DDTs）、六氯环己烷类（HCHs）、氯丹类（CHLs）、艾氏剂类（DRINs）、硫丹类（SULPHs）及灭蚊灵（Mirex）等OCPs的含量水平、组成特征及空间分布规律，结合特征比值法解析其来源，并采用危害商（HQ）及沉积物质量基准对其生态风险进行评价。结果表明，青海省湖泊沉积物中OCPs含量范围为3.64-10.6 ng/g，OCPs的污染程度及生态风险均表现为长江源区＞柴达木盆地＞黄河源区；来源解析显示，DDTs主要来源于历史残留，HCHs则主要受全球蒸馏效应驱动的远距离大气输送影响；生态风险评价结果表明，基于效应区间低值/中值（ERL/ERM）标准（基于海洋沉积物），所有样品均处于无风险水平；基于临界效应水平/可能效应水平（TEL/PEL）标准（基于淡水沉积物），31.6%的样品存在潜在生态风险；结合物种敏感性分布（SSD）模型计算HQ发现，仅Aldrin、Endrin、α-Endosulfan及Endosulfan sulfate对超过50%的湖泊表现出潜在风险，约53%的OCPs不会对生态系统造成风险。
- 有机氯农药 /
- 青海省 /
- 湖泊沉积物 /
- 空间分布 /
- 生态风险
Abstract: To investigate the contamination characteristics and potential ecological risks of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in lake sediments of Qinghai Province, 19 typical lakes were selected as study sites. The concentrations, compositional profiles, and spatial distribution patterns of OCPs, including dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), chlordanes (CHLs), drins (DRINs), endosulfans (SULPHs), and mirex, were systematically analyzed. Source identification was conducted using diagnostic ratios, and ecological risks were assessed based on hazard quotients (HQ) and sediment quality guidelines. The results showed that OCP concentrations in lake sediments ranged from 3.64 to 10.6 ng/g. Both concentrations and ecological risks exhibited a spatial pattern of Yangtze River source region > Qaidam Basin > Yellow River source region. Source analysis indicated that DDTs were primarily derived from historical residues, whereas HCHs were mainly influenced by long-range atmospheric transport driven by the global distillation effect. Ecological risk assessment revealed that, according to the Effects Range-Low/Effects Range-Median (ERL/ERM) criteria, all samples posed no ecological risk. However, based on the Threshold Effect Level/Probable Effect Level (TEL/PEL) criteria, 31.6% of the samples exhibited potential ecological risks. Furthermore, hazard quotient (HQ) evaluation based on the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) model indicated that only four compounds—Aldrin, Endrin, α-Endosulfan, and Endosulfan sulfate—posed potential risks to more than 50% of the lakes, while approximately 53% of the OCPs were unlikely to cause ecological risks.
- Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) /
- Qinghai Province /
- Sediments /
- Spatial distribution /
- Ecological risk

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青海省湖泊沉积物中有机氯农药的空间分布、来源解析和风险评价

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.115

作者简介:
刘嘉璇(2000-)，女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为有机氯农药环境地球化学方向研究，ORCID:0009-0007-2745-0123,E-mail:liu_jiaxuan@cug.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
瞿程凯(1988-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事持久性有机污染物的环境地球化学行为及其生态毒理与健康风险的研究，ORCID:0000-0001-9531-4018,E-mail:chengkaiqu@sina.com

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Spatial Distribution, Source Apportionment and Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Lake Sediments of Qinghai Province

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青海省湖泊沉积物中有机氯农药的空间分布、来源解析和风险评价

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.115

作者简介: 刘嘉璇(2000-)，女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为有机氯农药环境地球化学方向研究，ORCID:0009-0007-2745-0123,E-mail:liu_jiaxuan@cug.edu.cn.

通讯作者: 瞿程凯(1988-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事持久性有机污染物的环境地球化学行为及其生态毒理与健康风险的研究，ORCID:0000-0001-9531-4018,E-mail:chengkaiqu@sina.com

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Spatial Distribution, Source Apportionment and Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Lake Sediments of Qinghai Province

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出版历程

目录

作者简介:
刘嘉璇(2000-)，女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为有机氯农药环境地球化学方向研究，ORCID:0009-0007-2745-0123,E-mail:liu_jiaxuan@cug.edu.cn.

通讯作者:
瞿程凯(1988-)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事持久性有机污染物的环境地球化学行为及其生态毒理与健康风险的研究，ORCID:0000-0001-9531-4018,E-mail:chengkaiqu@sina.com