Formation and Evolution Process of Baoyunting Granite Buried Hill in the East China Sea Basin: Constraints from Zircon U-Pb Isotopic Geochronology and Petrogeochemistry
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摘要: 目前对于东海盆地宝云亭地区已钻遇花岗岩的形成时代、岩石成分、成因机制及其潜山演化历史仍缺乏深入的认识.通过宝云亭潜山两口关键探井中钻遇的花岗岩开展锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学的综合研究，确定宝云亭花岗岩的成因及其深部地球动力学背景，进而揭示宝云亭花岗岩潜山形成与演化过程.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测年结果揭示，宝云亭潜山花岗岩的结晶年龄为106.9~108.8 Ma，花岗岩上部火山碎屑岩的形成时代为35.9~41.3 Ma.宝云亭花岗岩体主要由花岗岩和花岗闪长岩组成，总体具有与高Sr/Y花岗岩或者埃达克质岩石类似的成分特征.综合岩石学和地球化学研究数据，可以确定宝云亭花岗岩的成因应该与早白垩世时期增厚下地壳范围内玄武质岩石的部分熔融有关.综合本文及区域上已有的多学科研究成果，可以判断宝云亭花岗岩体应该形成于早白垩世末期古太平洋板块俯冲回撤的构造背景中，并且东海盆地宝云亭花岗岩潜山的形成与演化至少经历了岩体形成期、岩体隆升与剥蚀期、岩体沉降期三个不同阶段.Abstract: Current understanding remains limited regarding the formation age, petrological composition, genetic mechanisms, and tectonic evolution of the granite encountered in the Baoyunting buried hill within the East China Sea basin. This study presents an integrated zircon U-Pb geochronological and petrogeochemical investigation on granites from two key exploration wells in the Baoyunting area. The objectives are to determine the petrogenesis and deep-seated geodynamic setting of these granites, and to further unravel their formation and evolution processes. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating reveals crystallization ages of 106.9-108.8 Ma for the Baoyunting granites, while the overlying pyroclastic rocks yield younger ages of 35.9-41.3 Ma. The granitic pluton primarily comprises granite and granodiorite, exhibiting geochemical affinities to high-Sr/Y granites or adakitic rocks. Combined petrological and geochemical evidence suggests that the Baoyunting granites originated from partial melting of basaltic rocks within a thickened lower crust during the Early Cretaceous. Integrating the results with regional multidisciplinary data, it proposes that these granites formed in a tectonic setting associated with the Paleo-Pacific Plate slab rollback during the late Early Cretaceous. The evolution of the Baoyunting granite buried hill involved three distinct stages: (1) pluton emplacement, (2) uplift-denudation, and (3) subsidence.
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Key words:
- granite buried hill /
- zircon U-Pb geochronology /
- petrogenesis /
- Baoyunting /
- East China Sea basin /
- geochemistry
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图 1 东海盆地构造单元(a)、西湖凹陷构造单元(b)、宝云亭潜山地震剖面(c)及其示意图(d)
Fig. 1. Tectonic map of the East China Sea basin (a), tectonic map of the Xihu sag (b), seismic profile across the Baoyunting buried hill (c), and its schematic diagram (d)
图 2 宝云亭花岗岩潜山已钻遇火山岩和花岗岩手标本和显微镜下照片
a.A2井钻遇的花岗岩手标本照片；b.A7井钻遇的上覆火山岩层，火山岩层中可见花岗岩角砾；c.A2井花岗岩的正交偏光镜下照片；d.A2井花岗岩的正交偏光镜下照片；e.已钻遇火山岩的正交偏光镜下照片；f.花岗岩角砾的正交偏光镜下照片；Af.碱性长石；Bt.黑云母；Pl.斜长石；Qz.石英
Fig. 2. Hand specimens and photomicrographs of volcanic rocks and granites drilled in the Baoyunting granite buried hill
图 3 宝云亭潜山A2和A7井中钻遇花岗岩与凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图以及代表性锆石颗粒CL图像
Fig. 3. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams for the granite and tuff encountered in Wells A2 and A7 of the Baoyunting buried hill, and cathodoluminescence (CL) images of representative zircon grains
图 4 宝云亭潜山中岩石样品的(Na2O+K2O)-SiO2(a)、K2O-SiO2(b)、A/NK-A/CNK(c)、Sr/Y-Y图解(d)
a.底图据Middlemost（1994）；b.底图据Peccerillo and Taylor（1976）；c.底图据Maniar and Piccoli（1989）；d.底图据Castillo（2012）
Fig. 4. (Na2O + K2O)-SiO2 (a), K2O-SiO2 (b), A/NK-A/CNK (c), and Sr/Y-Y (d) diagrams for rock samples from the Baoyunting buried hill
图 5 宝云亭潜山中岩石样品的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布（a）和微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图（b）
球粒陨石标准化值据Taylor and McLennan（1985）；原始地幔标准化值据Sun and McDonough（1989）
Fig. 5. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) distribution pattern (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram (b) for rock samples from the Baoyunting buried hill
图 6 宝云亭花岗岩样品的锆石εHf(t)-年龄（Ma）协变图
东海盆地已钻遇的侏罗纪花岗岩（MYF-1井）Hf同位素数据据Yuan et al.（2018）；华夏地块古元古代地壳演化与中元古代地壳演化趋势及其范围据贺振宇等（2015）
Fig. 6. Zircon εHf(t) vs. age (Ma) covariation diagram for granite samples from the Baoyunting buried hill
图 7 宝云亭潜山岩样品molar K2O/Na2O-molar Ca/(MgO+FeOt) (a)、molar K2O/Na2O-ASI (b)、MgO-SiO2 (c)和Mg#- SiO2(d)图解
a.底图据Kaygusuz et al.（2008）；b.底图据Pearce et al.（1984）；c.底图据Wang et al.（2005）；d.底图据Rapp et al.（1999）
Fig. 7. Molar K2O/Na2O vs. molar Ca/(MgO+FeOₜ) (a), molar K2O/Na2O vs. ASI (b), MgO vs. SiO2 (c), and Mg# vs. SiO2 (d) diagrams for rock samples from the Baoyunting buried hill
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