赋存于斑岩体的中硫型浅成低温热液银铅锌矿床：以华北南缘老里湾矿床为例

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.149

赋存于斑岩体的中硫型浅成低温热液银铅锌矿床：以华北南缘老里湾矿床为例

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.149

1. 中国地质大学(武汉）资源学院, 湖北武汉, 430074;
2. 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 天津, 300309;
3. 中国地质调查局国家地质实验测试中心, 北京, 100037;
4. 河南省第一地质矿产调查院有限公司, 河南洛阳, 471023;
5. 河南省孚光矿业有限公司, 河南郑州, 450007

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.41772074,42572109)

湖北省自然科学基金计划项目资助(2025AFA032)。

详细信息

作者简介:
李晓明(1992-),男,博士,矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业.ORCID:0000-0002-0164-0996.E-mail:lixm2020@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李占轲(1985-),男,教授,主要从事矿床地质与矿产勘查研究.ORCID:0000-0002-4213-3894.E-mail:lizk@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P611
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-02-08
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-29

Porphyry-hosted Intermediate-sulfidation Epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit: A Case Study of the Laoliwan Deposit, Southern Margin of the North China Craton

1. School of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China;
2. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, China Academy of Geological Sciences, Tianjin 300309, China;
3. National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China;
4. Henan First Geology and Mineral Survey Institute Co., Ltd., Luoyang, 471023, China;
5. Fuguang Mining Co. Ltd. of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450007, China

摘要

摘要: 赋存于斑岩体的银铅锌矿床作为一类具有特殊产状的银铅锌矿床，往往存在较大的成因类型争议。该产状的银铅锌矿床通常被认为是斑岩型矿床或浅成低温热液矿床，而这两种矿床类型在成矿模式上具有显著差别。为了加深对赋存于斑岩体内银铅锌矿床的成因认识，指导找矿勘查工作，本文选取华北南缘崤山地区老里湾矿床作为研究对象，重点对花岗斑岩体与围岩接触带蚀变、斑岩体内及角砾岩内银铅锌矿化特征进行了系统刻画，并结合流体包裹体显微测温、硫-铅同位素分析以及同位素定年等方法以确定其成因类型。老里湾矿床主要矿体赋存于花岗斑岩体内，并受断裂构造控制。野外观察显示，花岗斑岩体和围岩熊耳群地层接触带部位仅发育少量石英—黄铁矿和方解石—黄铁矿细脉，未见银铅锌矿化。老里湾矿床银铅锌矿化主要表现为赋存于切穿斑岩体的断裂构造带内的断裂带矿化，其次为在斑岩体周边爆破角砾岩中少量角砾状矿化。流体包裹体研究表明两种银铅锌矿化的成矿流体主要为NaCl-H₂O体系，测温结果显示这两种矿化主成矿阶段的均一温度和盐度的平均值分别为240℃，6.8 wt.% NaCl eqv.和279℃，9.0 wt.% NaCl eqv.，表现为中低温、中低盐度的流体特征。断裂带矿化各成矿阶段的硫同位素组成变化较小，δ³⁴S值集中于0‰～5‰；角砾状矿化δ³⁴S值介于0.4‰～2.7‰，表明两种类型矿化的硫主要来自岩浆热液。断裂带矿化和角砾状矿化铅同位素变化范围较小，且分布相对集中，表明两种矿化形式成矿物质来源相似，均具有深部来源的特点。断裂带矿化绢云母原位Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄和含辉钼矿全岩Re-Os同位素等时线年龄分别为127.1±2.5 Ma和129.5±2.8 Ma，与斑岩体成岩年龄较为一致。上述研究表明老里湾矿床的成矿作用虽与早白垩世的岩浆活动密切相关，但其地质特征表明银铅锌成矿作用晚于斑岩体成岩作用，其矿化特征符合中硫型浅成低温热液矿床而非斑岩型矿床。老里湾花岗斑岩体并非成矿母岩，形成该矿床的岩体应位于深部，且在深部有寻找斑岩型钼矿床的潜力。老里湾矿床的成因研究表明，赋矿围岩为斑岩体这一特征并不是确定银铅锌矿床类型的关键要素，应结合矿床地质特征和相关地球化学等证据进行综合判定。
- 斑岩体 /
- 中硫型浅成低温热液矿床 /
- 银铅锌矿床 /
- 华北南缘 /
- 老里湾矿床
Abstract: Porphyry-hosted Ag-Pb-Zn deposits, as a type of Ag-Pb-Zn deposits with the distinctive occurrence, are commonly controversial regarding their deposit types. Such deposits are generally classified as porphyry deposits or epithermal deposits. However, these two deposit types are largely different in their metallogenic models. To improve the insight into the genesis of porphyry-hosted deposits and provide guidance for the deposit exploration, the Laoliwan deposit in the Xiaoshan district of the southern margin of the North China Craton is chosen as a case study. This paper aims to determine the deposit type, based on the systematic geological investigation of the mineralized alteration at the contact zone between the granite porphyry and the strata of the Xiong’er group, as well as the Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization within the granite porphyry and the breccia bodies. These observations are integrated with fluid inclusion microthermometry, sulfur and lead isotope analyses, and isotopic geochronology to constrain the genetic type of the deposit. The orebodies at Laoliwan are mainly hosted in the granite porphyry and controlled by the regional faults. Field work show that the mineralization in the contact zone is limited to sparse quartz-pyrite and calcite-pyrite veinlets, without Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization observed. In contrast, Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization in the Laoliwan deposit mainly is developed in the faults that cut through the granite porphyry, referred to as fracture-zone-type mineralization in this paper, and a small amount of breccia-type mineralization is locally occurred in the blasted breccias surrounding the granite porphyry. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that the ore-forming fluid of the two types of the Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization are NaCl-H₂O system. The results of microthermometry show that the average homogenization temperatures and the salinities of the fracture-zone-type and breccia-type mineralization are 240℃, 6.8 wt.% NaCl eqv. and 279℃, 9.0 wt.% NaCl eqv., respectively, indicating the ore-forming fluids are of medium- to low-temperature and medium- to low-salinity. S isotopic compositions of different stages within the fracture-zone-type mineralization show limited variation, with δ³⁴S values clustering between 0‰ and 5‰, whereas those of breccia-type mineralization range from 0.4‰ to 2.7‰. These sulfur isotope data suggest that the ore-forming materials of both mineralization types were derived from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. Pb isotopic compositions of the fracture-zone-type and breccia-type mineralization display narrow ranges and relatively concentrated distributions, implying similar sources of ore-forming materials which are derived from the deep mantle. The in-situ sericite Rb-Sr isotopic isochron age and whole-rock molybdenite Re-Os isotopic isochron age from the fracture-zone-type mineralization are 127.1 ± 2.5 Ma and 129.5 ± 2.8 Ma, respectively, which are approximately consistent with the emplacement age of the granite porphyry. Although the Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization in the Laoliwan deposit is closely related to Early Cretaceous magmatic activities in the region, its geological characteristics suggest that the Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization postdates the emplacement of the granite porphyry. The analysis results above show that the deposit should be classified as an intermediate-sulfidation epithermal deposit rather than a porphyry deposit. Therefore, this study proposes that the Laoliwan granite porphyry is not the metallogenic rock. The intrusion responsible for the Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization is likely located at depth, implying the potential to find porphyry Mo deposit in the deeper area. The genetic study of the Laoliwan deposit further demonstrates that a Ag-Pb-Zn deposit hosted within a porphyry alone is not a key factor for classifying the Ag-Pb-Zn deposit. The deposit type should be determined by a comprehensive assessment of geological characteristics and relevant geochemical evidence.
- Porphyry /
- Intermediate-sulfidation epithermal deposit /
- Ag-Pb-Zn deposit /
- Southern margin of the North China Craton /
- The Laoliwan deposit

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赋存于斑岩体的中硫型浅成低温热液银铅锌矿床：以华北南缘老里湾矿床为例

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.149

作者简介:
李晓明(1992-),男,博士,矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业.ORCID:0000-0002-0164-0996.E-mail:lixm2020@cug.edu.cn

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李占轲(1985-),男,教授,主要从事矿床地质与矿产勘查研究.ORCID:0000-0002-4213-3894.E-mail:lizk@cug.edu.cn

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Porphyry-hosted Intermediate-sulfidation Epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit: A Case Study of the Laoliwan Deposit, Southern Margin of the North China Craton

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赋存于斑岩体的中硫型浅成低温热液银铅锌矿床：以华北南缘老里湾矿床为例

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.149

作者简介: 李晓明(1992-),男,博士,矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业.ORCID:0000-0002-0164-0996.E-mail:lixm2020@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者: 李占轲(1985-),男,教授,主要从事矿床地质与矿产勘查研究.ORCID:0000-0002-4213-3894.E-mail:lizk@cug.edu.cn

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Porphyry-hosted Intermediate-sulfidation Epithermal Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit: A Case Study of the Laoliwan Deposit, Southern Margin of the North China Craton

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作者简介:
李晓明(1992-),男,博士,矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业.ORCID:0000-0002-0164-0996.E-mail:lixm2020@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李占轲(1985-),男,教授,主要从事矿床地质与矿产勘查研究.ORCID:0000-0002-4213-3894.E-mail:lizk@cug.edu.cn