三维土石混合体冲击刚性结构动力过程SPH-DEM耦合模拟

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.199

三维土石混合体冲击刚性结构动力过程SPH-DEM耦合模拟

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.199

王顺^1,2,
游铭^1,2,
苏正洋^1,2, ,,
郭哲恒^1,2

1. 武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室, 武汉 430072;
2. 武汉大学水利水电学院水工程风险与防灾研究所, 武汉 430072

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目（42472355）；国家自然科学基金青年学生基础研究项目（博士研究生）（523B2091）

详细信息

作者简介:
王顺(1986-)，男，教授，博士，主要从事地质灾害链与水电工程安全研究。ORCID： https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6563，E-mail:shun.wang@whu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
苏正洋(1997-)，男，博士，研究方向为水工岩土工程灾害风险分析。E-mail:zhengyangsu@whu.edu.cn，ORCID：https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8207-4334

中图分类号: P642.22
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-22
- 网络出版日期: 2026-08-25

Three-dimensional SPH–DEM Modelling of Dynamic Impact Interaction between Soil– Rock Mixtures and Rigid Structures

Shun Wang^1,2,
Ming You^1,2,
Zhengyang Su^{1,2
, ,},
Zheheng Guo^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072;
2. Institute of Hydraulic Engineering Risk and Disaster Prevention, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072

摘要

摘要: 土石混合体由细粒土体与形态和尺度高度离散的块石共同组成，是一种典型的强非均质地质介质，自然界中大多数边坡均以土石混合体为主。然而，现有边坡大变形分析通常将土石混合体等效为连续介质或理想化块石体系，忽略了真实块石几何形态及其空间分布特征，导致计算土石混合体边坡–结构相互作用时存在明显偏差。本研究结合三维激光扫描与随机投放算法，构建了一种能够表征块石真实形态、尺寸分布及空间结构特征的土石混合体三维建模方法。基于光滑粒子流体动力学与离散元法（SPH– DEM）耦合数值方法，研究了土石混合体边坡大变形过程及其对刚性结构的冲击动力响应特征。通过开展不含块石的砂土边坡大变形滑槽模型试验，验证了数值模型的准确性与可靠性。在此基础上，分析了块石含量、块石形状、边坡坡角以及刚性结构空间位置等因素对土石混合体–结构相互作用行为的影响。结果表明，不规则块石几何形态显著增强了冲击力的波动性及峰值幅度，其影响程度明显高于理想球形块石；随着坡体块石含量和坡角的增加，结构所受冲击力呈显著增大趋势；随着刚性结构与滑槽末端距离的增大，土石混合体冲击力表现出先快速增大后逐渐衰减的非线性变化特征。研究成果从细观结构尺度揭示了块石几何特征对冲击效应的放大机理，为土石混合体边坡防护结构的合理设计提供了理论依据。
- 土石混合体 /
- 边坡 /
- SPH-DEM 耦合 /
- 大变形破坏 /
- 滑槽试验
Abstract: Soil-rock mixtures (SRMs), composed of a fine-grained soil matrix and rock blocks with highly dispersed shapes and sizes, are typical strongly heterogeneous geomaterials, and most natural slopes are predominantly composed of SRMs. However, existing analyses of large slope deformation commonly idealize SRMs as equivalent continua or assemblies of simplified blocks, neglecting the actual geometries and spatial distributions of rock blocks, which leads to significant deviations in predicting slope-structure interactions in SRM slopes. In this study, a threedimensional modeling method for SRMs was developed by integrating three-dimensional laser scanning with a random placement algorithm, enabling realistic representation of rock-block morphology, size distribution, and spatial structural characteristics. Based on a coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics-discrete element method (SPH-DEM), the large-deformation behavior of SRM slopes and their dynamic impact effects on rigid structures were investigated. The accuracy and reliability of the numerical model were validated through large-deformation chute model tests on sandy slopes without rock blocks. On this basis, the influences of rock-block content, rock-block shape, slope angle, and the spatial position of rigid structures on SRM-structure interaction were analyzed. The results show that irregular rock-block geometries markedly amplify both the fluctuation and peak magnitude of impact forces, and their effect is significantly greater than that of idealized spherical blocks. As the rock-block content and slope angle increase, the impact force acting on the structure increases significantly. As the distance between the rigid structure and the end of the chute increases, the impact force exhibits a nonlinear trend, first increasing rapidly and then gradually attenuating. These findings reveal, from a mesostructural perspective, the amplification mechanism by which rock-block geometric characteristics intensify impact effects, and provide a theoretical basis for the rational design of protective structures for SRM slopes.
- Soil-rock mixture /
- slope /
- SPH-DEM coupling /
- large deformation failure /
- model experiment

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参考文献(27)

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三维土石混合体冲击刚性结构动力过程SPH-DEM耦合模拟

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.199

作者简介:
王顺(1986-)，男，教授，博士，主要从事地质灾害链与水电工程安全研究。ORCID： https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6563，E-mail:shun.wang@whu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
苏正洋(1997-)，男，博士，研究方向为水工岩土工程灾害风险分析。E-mail:zhengyangsu@whu.edu.cn，ORCID：https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8207-4334

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Three-dimensional SPH–DEM Modelling of Dynamic Impact Interaction between Soil– Rock Mixtures and Rigid Structures

计量

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留言板

三维土石混合体冲击刚性结构动力过程SPH-DEM耦合模拟

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.199

作者简介: 王顺(1986-)，男，教授，博士，主要从事地质灾害链与水电工程安全研究。ORCID： https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6563，E-mail:shun.wang@whu.edu.cn

通讯作者: 苏正洋(1997-)，男，博士，研究方向为水工岩土工程灾害风险分析。E-mail:zhengyangsu@whu.edu.cn，ORCID：https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8207-4334

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出版历程

Three-dimensional SPH–DEM Modelling of Dynamic Impact Interaction between Soil– Rock Mixtures and Rigid Structures

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
王顺(1986-)，男，教授，博士，主要从事地质灾害链与水电工程安全研究。ORCID： https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-6563，E-mail:shun.wang@whu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
苏正洋(1997-)，男，博士，研究方向为水工岩土工程灾害风险分析。E-mail:zhengyangsu@whu.edu.cn，ORCID：https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8207-4334