Flow Characteristics and Performance Analysis of Centrifugal Pumps for Fluid Sampling in Deep Ocean Drilling Wells
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摘要: 为提升大洋钻探井下流体原位取样系统的稳定性与效率，基于计算流体动力学方法，构建了取样离心泵三维湍流模型，并系统分析了其在1 450 r/min至4 000 r/min转速范围内的压力分布、速度场、阻力特性及能量损失规律. 结果表明2 000 r/min为最优转速，在此转速下泵内压力场可达8 030 Pa且最为稳定，同时最大流速为3.46 m/s且速度分布合理. 此外，该转速下多相流与单相流的阻力系数差值最小，并且流速波动仅为0.23%，取样体积最大误差为4.75%，表现出优异的流动稳定性与取样精度. 在效率方面，泵的峰值效率约62.7%，对应最优流量为2×10-4 m3/s. 同时泵体采用钛合金材料并控制流量在高效区间，可保障泵在深海复杂介质环境中的长效可靠运行.Abstract: To enhance the stability and efficiency of the in-situ fluid sampling system for deep-sea drilling, this study, based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, constructed a three-dimensional turbulence model for the sampling centrifugal pump. A systematic analysis was conducted on its pressure distribution, velocity field, drag characteristics, and energy loss patterns within the rotational speed range of 1 450 r/min to 4 000 r/min. The results indicate that 2 000 r/min is the optimal rotational speed. At this speed, the pressure field within the pump reaches 8 030 Pa and is most stable, with a maximum flow velocity of 3.46 m/s and a reasonable velocity distribution. Furthermore, at this speed, the difference in drag coefficients between multiphase flow and single-phase flow is minimal, and the flow rate fluctuation is only 0.23%. The maximum error in sampling volume is 4.75%, demonstrating excellent flow stability and sampling accuracy. In terms of efficiency, the peak efficiency of the pump is approximately 62.7%, corresponding to an optimal flow rate of 2×10-4 m3/s. Additionally, the pump body is constructed from titanium alloy and the flow rate is controlled within the high-efficiency range, ensuring long-term reliable operation of the pump in complex deep-sea media environments.
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Key words:
- Ocean drilling /
- fluid sampling /
- centrifugal pump /
- performance simulation /
- material wear /
- centrifugal pumps
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图 5 系统阻力系数
a. 1 450 r/min阻力系数；b. 2 000 r/min阻力系数；c. 2 900 r/min阻力系数；d. 4 000 r/min阻力系数
Fig. 5. System resistance coefficient
图 6 系统阻力
a. 1 450 r/min阻力；b. 2 000 r/min阻力；c. 2 900 r/min阻力；d. 4 000 r/min阻力
Fig. 6. System resistance
图 7 叶轮力矩
a. 1 450 r/min叶轮力矩；b. 2 000 r/min叶轮力矩；c. 2 900 r/min叶轮力矩；d. 4 000 r/min叶轮力矩
Fig. 7. Impeller torque
图 8 流速变化
a. 1 450 r/min流速；b. 2 000 r/min流速；c. 2 900 r/min流速；d. 4 000 r/min流速
Fig. 8. Flow rate variation
图 9 性能曲线
a. 1 450 r/min性能；b. 2 000 r/min性能；c. 2 900 r/min性能；d. 4 000 r/min性能
Fig. 9. Performance curve
图 10 综合性能与可靠性验证
a. 能量损失分布；b. 取样精度；c. 饱和蒸气压与系统最小压强；d. 钛合金磨损率；e. 哈氏合金磨损率；f. 双相不锈钢磨损率
Fig. 10. Comprehensive performance and reliability verification
表 1 离心泵相关参数
Table 1. Relevant parameters of centrifugal pump
进口直径 出口直径 叶轮进口直径 叶轮出口直径 叶片出口角 叶片进口角 叶片数 叶片厚度 叶轮锥角 15 mm 15 mm 17 mm 40 mm 45° 25° 6 2.2 mm 80° 
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表 2 网格无关性验证
Table 2. Grid-independence verification
方案 网格数量（万） 网格畸变率 效率 Grid-1 1.0 0.262 58.4% Grid-2 1.5 0.275 61.4% Grid-3 2.0 0.281 62.7% Grid-4 2.5 0.283 62.4%
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表 3 流体物性值
Table 3. Fluid physical property values
物性参数 符号 数值 单位 密度 ρ 1 028 kg·m-3 温度 T 4 ℃ 动力黏度 μ 1.90×10-3 Pa·s 运动黏度 ν 1.85×10-6 m2·s-1 饱和蒸气压 Pν 8.0×102 Pa 表面张力 σ 7.45×10-2 N·m-1
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表 4 实验自变量
Table 4. Experimental independent variable
转速(r/min) 相态 多相体积分数 1 450 单/多 2.3%气+97.5%液+0.2%固 2 000 单/多 2 900 单/多 4 000 单/多
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