新疆库拜盆地陆相锆石砂矿床锆石年代学特征与成矿物质来源

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.237

新疆库拜盆地陆相锆石砂矿床锆石年代学特征与成矿物质来源

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.237

李益龙^1,,
刘兵^1,2,,
王国庆¹,
彭宇^1,2,
田少亭^1,2,
赵立民¹,
卢樱蓉¹,
韩煦¹,
周光颜¹,
刘崴国²,
时显振²

1. 中国地质大学(武汉)地球与行星科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074;
2. 新疆维吾尔自治区地质局区域地质调查中心, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目“西南天山锆（铪）砂矿成矿规律及潜力评价”（No. 2025A03001-1）、新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金地质创新发展联合基金.

详细信息

通讯作者:
李益龙（1983-），男，教授，研究方向为岩石学与矿床学.ORCID:0000-0003-2688-7634.E-mail:ylli@cug.edu.cn

刘兵（1986-），男，高级工程师，主要从事资源勘查工作.ORCID:0009-0007-9378-5191.E-mail:33824790@qq.com.

中图分类号: P618.85
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-07-16

Zircon geochronology and source analysis of the fluvial zircon placer deposit in the Kubai Basin, Xinjiang

1 School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China;
2. Regional Geological Survey Center, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

Funds:

This work was supported by the Major Science and Technology Special Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Metallogenetic regularity and potential evaluation of zircon (hafnium) sand deposits in the southwestern Tianshan mountain, No. 2025A03001-1) and the United Fund for Geological Innovation Development of the Xinjiang Natural Science Foundation.

摘要

摘要: 新疆库拜盆地北缘宇海锆石砂矿床的发现，首次在中国乃至世界范围内证实了陆相沉积盆地内可以形成世界级的锆石砂矿床，为在全球范围内寻找同类型锆石矿床开辟了全新的思路和方向。本研究对该矿床的赋矿地层进行了详细的野外地质调查，采集了代表性样品开展锆石结构、形貌、年龄和元素的综合分析。结果表明，宇海锆石砂矿床的赋矿地层包括古-始新统库姆格列木群、渐新统阿瓦特组、中新统吉迪克组和康村组，碎屑锆石均为近源沉积，各个组均存在一个占统治地位的早二叠世年龄峰，峰值年龄分别为284 Ma、281 Ma、280 Ma和281 Ma。另有较弱的早古生代年龄峰在库姆格列木群和康村组出现，分别为456 Ma和448 Ma，在阿瓦特组和吉迪克组中几乎不出现。库姆格列木群中还存在零星分布的元古宙锆石，在其它组中几乎可以忽略。宇海锆石砂矿区新生代地层中占主导的二叠纪碎屑锆石源区以A型花岗质岩石为主，来源于库拜盆地北缘的阔克沙勒岭晚古生代陆缘盆地带发育的二叠纪碱性岩带，古生代、元古宙碎屑锆石指示了极少量更北侧的石炭纪-古元古代地质体的物源供给。中生代地层的碎屑锆石则来源于阔克沙勒岭晚古生代陆缘盆地带更北侧的东阿赖-哈尔克山古生代弧前增生带。这一锆石物源区的显著转换，表明随着新生代南天山快速隆升，造山带南缘阔克沙勒岭晚古生代陆缘盆地带抬升剥蚀，成为库拜盆地的主要物源供给区。其中的早二叠世碱性岩体是宇海锆石砂矿的主要成矿物质来源，而中生代地层则没有作为再循环物质参与成矿。
- 陆相锆石砂矿 /
- 锆石年代学 /
- 物源分析 /
- 库拜盆地 /
- 西南天山
Abstract: The discovery of the Yuhai zircon placer deposit in the northern margin of the Kubai Basin in Xinjiang has, for the first time in China and even globally, confirmed that world-class zircon placer deposits can form within continental sedimentary basins, opening up new ideas and directions for the search for similar zircon deposits worldwide. In this study, a detailed field investigation was conducted on the ore-bearing strata of this deposit, and representative samples were collected for systematic research on the structure, morphology, age, and elements of zircons. The research findings indicate that the sedimentary strata of the continental zircon placer deposit in the Kubai Basin include the Paleocene - Eocene Kumugeliemu Group, the Oligocene Awate Formation, the Miocene Jidike Formation, and the Kangcun Formation. The detrital zircons are proximal sediments and reveal an Early Permian predominant peak at 284 Ma, 281 Ma, 280 Ma and 281 Ma for each group. The Kumugeliemu Group and the Kangcun Formation contain a secondary age peak at 456 Ma and 448 Ma respectively, which is absent in the Awate and Jidike Formations. A small number of Proterozoic records are present in the Kumugeliemu Group but almost absent in the other three formations. The dominated Permian detrital zircons in the Cenozoic strata were sourced from A-type granitic rocks from the northern Late Paleozoic alkaline rock belt in the Kuokeshaleling marginal basin belt. In contrast, the minor populations of Paleozoic and Proterozoic detrital zircons indicate limited sediment contributions from Carboniferous to Paleoproterozoic geological terranes located farther to the north. Detrital zircons in the Mesozoic strata within the Kubai Basin, however, were mainly derived from the Paleozoic forearc accretionary belt of the Dongalai-Haerkeshan, situated north of the Kuokeshaleling marginal basin belt. This pronounced shift in zircon provenance indicates that rapid uplift of the South Tianshan during the Cenozoic led to the exhumation and erosion of the Late Paleozoic Kuokeshaleling marginal basin belt, which subsequently became the principal sediment source for the Kubai Basin. The Early Permian alkaline plutons within this provenance region constituted the primary source of ore-forming material for the Yuhai zircon placer deposit, whereas the Mesozoic strata did not contribute recycled detritus to the mineralization process.
- Fluvial zircon placer deposit /
- Zircon geochronology /
- Source analysis /
- Kubai Basin /
- Southwestern Tianshan Mountain

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新疆库拜盆地陆相锆石砂矿床锆石年代学特征与成矿物质来源

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.237

通讯作者:
李益龙（1983-），男，教授，研究方向为岩石学与矿床学.ORCID:0000-0003-2688-7634.E-mail:ylli@cug.edu.cn

刘兵（1986-），男，高级工程师，主要从事资源勘查工作.ORCID:0009-0007-9378-5191.E-mail:33824790@qq.com.

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Zircon geochronology and source analysis of the fluvial zircon placer deposit in the Kubai Basin, Xinjiang

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新疆库拜盆地陆相锆石砂矿床锆石年代学特征与成矿物质来源

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.237

通讯作者: 李益龙（1983-），男，教授，研究方向为岩石学与矿床学.ORCID:0000-0003-2688-7634.E-mail:ylli@cug.edu.cn 刘兵（1986-），男，高级工程师，主要从事资源勘查工作.ORCID:0009-0007-9378-5191.E-mail:33824790@qq.com.

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Zircon geochronology and source analysis of the fluvial zircon placer deposit in the Kubai Basin, Xinjiang

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通讯作者:
李益龙（1983-），男，教授，研究方向为岩石学与矿床学.ORCID:0000-0003-2688-7634.E-mail:ylli@cug.edu.cn

刘兵（1986-），男，高级工程师，主要从事资源勘查工作.ORCID:0009-0007-9378-5191.E-mail:33824790@qq.com.