Numerical Simulation of the Magmatism of North China Craton during Yanshanian
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摘要: 为了定量给出华北克拉通燕山期岩浆活动的规模,在合理构建华北燕山期地质-物理模型的基础上,利用有限元方法,在忽略玄武岩浆内对流只考虑热传导的假定下,反演了该区燕山期形成花岗岩所需要的侵入玄武岩浆的量.通过计算表明:(1)在压力1 GPa、地幔的玄武岩浆底侵作用于下地壳英云闪长岩围岩的情况下,英云闪长岩围岩的纯熔融量与底侵玄武岩纯结晶总量的比值约为0.161;假设仅有25%的熔浆可分离出来,则分离出的熔浆与玄武岩结晶总量比约为0.040 25.(2)数值模拟得到最后发生相变的整体区域为-50.285~-36.867 km.与前人研究得到的现今下地壳下部和壳幔过渡带33~40 m和40~50 km接近,表明此数值模拟方法具有可行性.Abstract: After thinning of the North China craton, the magmatism was widely distributed, and, the mantle mafic basalt intruded and reconstructed the wall rock, which formed large scale granite. This paper establishes a proper geophysics model and use the finite element method to numerically simulates the the mantle mafic basalt underplating. If we ignore the convection inside the basalt and only consider the conduction, we inversion calculate the formation of granite required how much intrusion of basaltic magma. The results indicate: (1) under 1 GPa condition, the pure melting volume of tonalite rock and pure crystallization volume of underplating basalt ratio is about 0.161; on the assumption that only 25% magma can dissociate, the total ratio of separated out of basalt lava is about 0.040 25. (2) The numerical results demonstrate the phase transition zone is from -50.285 to -36.867 km to the end. It is close to the results that the present crust and crust-mantle transition zone is about 33-40 and 40-50 km, which is obtained by previous researchers. Hence our conclusion has been verified by petrology.
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Key words:
- North China /
- Yanshanian /
- phase change /
- heat conduction /
- magmatism /
- geophysics /
- lithosphere
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图 1 1 GPa无水条件下4种岩石类型的熔体份额对温度的函数关系(Bergantz, 1989)
a.玄武岩;b.英云闪长岩;c.白云母花岗岩;d.变泥质岩
Fig. 1. Melt fraction as a function of temperature for four rock types at 1 GPa
表 1 围岩和岩浆热学参数
Table 1. Parameters of rock and magma
L
(kJ·kg-1)ρf
(kg·m-3)ρw
(kg·m-3)kf
(W·m-1·K-1)kw
(W·m-1·K-1)cf
(J·kg-1/℃)cw
(J·kg-1/℃)3.5×105 2.54 2.75 2.105 5 1.925 1 200 1 000 注:ρf和ρw分别表示围岩和岩浆的密度;kf与kw分别表示围岩和岩浆的导热系数;cf和cw分别表示围岩和岩浆的容积热容量;数据参考崔承禹(1994)、付明希等(2004)和刘翠等(2006). 表 2 英云闪长岩围岩10 Ma后的不同熔融程度所对应的各项参数
Table 2. Parameters of different melting levels for tonalite after 10 Ma
熔融程度(%) 温度(℃) 时间(Ma) 距离(km) 0 850 10 3.108 10 875 10 2.474 20 900 10 1.850 30 950 10 0.800 38 1 000 10 0.120 表 3 玄武岩岩浆10 Ma后的不同结晶程度所对应的各项参数
Table 3. Parameters of different crystallization levels for basalt magma after 10 Ma
熔融程度(%) 温度(℃) 时间(Ma) 距离(km) 0 1 250 10 10.285 10 1 225 10 8.739 20 1 200 10 7.410 30 1 150 10 6.950 40 1 160 10 6.724 50 1 175 10 6.296 60 1 185 10 5.690 70 1 190 10 5.306 80 1 125 10 4.216 90 1 100 10 3.448 100 1 075 10 2.724 -
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