Geometric Analysis and Kinematic Simulation of Oblique-Thrust Fault-Related-Fold of Buzurgan Anticline in Zagros Basin
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摘要: 扎格罗斯盆地因其丰富的油气资源和复杂的构造体系而深受国际石油界的重视，其中是否存在斜向逆冲断裂褶皱对于进一步深化盆地构造特征的认识至关重要.基于断裂相关褶皱理论，采用地层倾角域分析和褶皱轴面分析方法，系统地开展了扎格罗斯盆地Buzurgan背斜地震剖面的构造几何解析，获得了时间构造等T0图、沿层时间域水平切片图和平行于断层走向的地震剖面图.在此基础上，依据斜向逆冲断裂褶皱的构造几何识别特征，解释出Buzurgan背斜的斜向逆冲断裂褶皱几何变形样式.最后通过计算机正演模拟，再现了Buzurgan背斜斜向逆冲断裂褶皱构造样式的成生过程，验证了斜向逆冲断裂褶皱解释的合理性和可靠性.Abstract: Zagros basin is one of the most important basins in the international petroleum industry because of its rich oil and gas resources and the complex structure system, and it is crucial to the understanding of the structural characteristics of Zagros basin as to whether oblique-thrust fault-related-fold exist or not. Based on the fault-related-fold theories, and by using the dip angle domain analysis and fold axial plane analysis methods, geometric analysis of the structure of Buzurgan anticline in Zagros basin was carried out, and the time structure of T0 diagrams, the time domain horizontal slices and the seismic profiles parallel to the strike of the fault of Buzurgan anticline were made. On this basis, relying on the geometric feature recognition of oblique-thrust fault-related-fold, the geometry deformation style of oblique-thrust fault-related-fold of Buzurgan anticline was systematically interpreted. And the forming processes of the Buzurgan oblique-thrust fault-related-fold in Zagros basin were reproduced by using the forward balanced cross section technique, the rationality and reliability of the above-mentioned interpretation about the Buzurgan oblique-thrust fault-related-fold was eventually validated.
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图 1 Buzurgan背斜大地构造背景(a)及三维地震工区位置及构造形态特征(b)
Fig. 1. The geotectonic background (a), the 3D seismic work area location and structure features (b) of Buzurgan anticline in Zagros basin
图 2 Buzurgan背斜中部(a)及东南部(b)地震剖面构造几何解析特征
Fig. 2. Structure geometry features of the middle seismic profile A-A′ (a), and the southeast seismic profile B-B′ (b)
图 3 Buzurgan背斜Asmari组顶面等T0图(a)、沿Asmari组2 000 ms时间域水平切片(b)和平行于断层走向的地震剖面(c)
Fig. 3. The time structure of T0 diagrams (a), the time domain horizontal slices (b) and the seismic profiles (c) parallel to the strike of the fault of Buzurgan anticline
图 4 Buzurgan背斜斜向逆冲断裂褶皱几何变形运动学模拟的4个阶段
Fig. 4. Kinematic simulation of Buzurgan oblique-thrust fault-related-fold in Zagros basin
表 1 Buzurgan背斜斜向逆冲断裂褶皱几何变形计算机数字化正演模拟关键参数
Table 1. Main parameters about kinematic simulation of oblique-thrust fault-related-fold of Buzurgan anticline
断面走向(°) 断面倾向(°) 断面倾角(°) 沉积速率(m/Ma) 抬升速率(m/Ma) 构造缩短量(km) 最大主应力方位 300~315 210~225 70~85 24.6 21.5 ~6 北东-南西 
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