柴北缘从大洋俯冲到陆陆碰撞:来自开屏沟造山带M型橄榄岩的证据

蔡鹏捷; 许荣科; 郑有业; 陈鑫; 刘嘉; 俞军真

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2018.112

柴北缘从大洋俯冲到陆陆碰撞:来自开屏沟造山带M型橄榄岩的证据

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.112

蔡鹏捷^1,,
许荣科^1, ,,
郑有业^1,2,
陈鑫²,
刘嘉^1,3,
俞军真²

1.
中国地质大学地质调查研究院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学资源学院, 湖北武汉 430074
3.
湖北省地质调查研究院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划 IRT14R54

中国地质调查局项目 12120113032800

详细信息

作者简介:
蔡鹏捷(1988-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事造山带橄榄岩地球化学研究

通讯作者:
许荣科

中图分类号: P597
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-27
- 刊出日期: 2018-08-15

From Oceanic Subduction to Continental Collision in North Qaidam: Evidence from Kaipinggou Orogenic M-Type Peridotite

Cai Pengjie^1
,,
Xu Rongke^{1
, ,},
Zheng Youye^1,2,
Chen Xin²,
Liu Jia^1,3,
Yu Junzhen²

1.
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
The Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
3.
Institute of Geological Survey of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 造山带幔源（M型）橄榄岩虽然在高压/超高压变质带分布不多，但由于其来自俯冲板块上覆的岩石圈地幔，因此是研究俯冲隧道内俯冲板片与地幔楔之间相互作用的重要对象，对于还原超高压变质带的演化有重要意义.柴北缘鱼卡榴辉岩-片麻岩区边部附近的开屏沟存在一套橄榄岩，其岩石类型、成因、时代等都缺乏研究.对开屏沟橄榄岩全岩的主量和微量元素及铂族元素、橄榄石主量元素、锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素进行了研究.结果显示，其全岩具有高的Mg^#、Mg/Si和Ni值，同时表现出亏损难溶的HFSE和HREE，轻微富集LILE和LREE中与流体活动性相关的元素；橄榄石具有较高的Fo值（90.11~92.77）与NiO含量（0.32%~0.45%）、低的CaO含量（< 0.02%）；PGEs的球粒陨石标准化配分模式与交代橄榄岩和残留橄榄岩近似；两组变质锆石年龄为459.5±3.6 Ma和417.5±2.7 Ma，对应的ε_Hf（t）值为-0.71~9.45和-11.96~-1.20，分别反映了洋壳流体（或早期大陆俯冲板片流体）和陆壳流体交代的性质和时限.开屏沟橄榄岩来源于俯冲带上覆地幔楔，遭受了不同来源流体不同程度的交代作用而获得地壳特征，同时为柴北缘大洋俯冲到陆陆碰撞的构造演化提供了新证据.
- 柴北缘 /
- 开屏沟 /
- 造山带 /
- M型橄榄岩 /
- 锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素 /
- 地球化学 /
- 地质年代学
Abstract: Orogenic peridotites(M-type) are uncommon in high-pressure(HP) and ultrahigh-pressure(UHP) metamorphic belts. However, they are not only a key to study the metamorphic and metasomatic information from subducting slabs and mantle wedges in subduction channel, but also of great significance to the evolution of orogenic belt. There is a set of peridotite in Kaipinggou near the edge of the Iqe eclogite-gneiss region, of which rock types, genesis, and age are short of research. Whole-rock major and trace and platinum-group elements, olive mineral elements, and zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotopes for peridotite at Kaipinggou are studied in this paper. Kaipinggou peridotites are characterized by high contents of Mg^#, Mg/Si and Ni, showing similar distribution patterns of REE and trace elements, depletion in HFSE and HREE, and slightly enrichment in LILE and LREE. Olivines have high Fo(90.11-92.77)and NiO(0.32%-0.45%) contents, but low contents of CaO(0.02%). Whole-rock platinum group elements(PGEs) are similar to those of metamorphic and residual peridotites. There are two groups of metamorphic zircons in the Kaipinggou peridotites, with ages of 459.5±3.6 Ma and 417.5±2.7 Ma, corresponding to ε_Hf(t) of -0.71 to 9.45 and -11.96 to -1.20, respectively, indicating the nature and timing of the fluid derived from oceanic crust(or early continental crust subduction) and continental crust. In conclusion, the Kaipinggou peridotites are derived from the mantle wedge of the lithosphere and record the crustal features due to the metasomatism of the oceanic and continental crust fluids. The novel findings provide new evidence for the evolution of oceanic lithosphere subduction to continental collision/subduction in the North Qaidam.
- North Qaidam /
- Kaipinggou /
- orogenic belt /
- M-type peridotite /
- zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes /
- geochemistry /
- geochronology

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图 1 柴北缘造山带及毗邻区域地质图(a)与开屏沟地区地质简图(b)

据朱小辉等(2014)和张建新等(2015)修改

Fig. 1. Geological sketch of the North Qaidam orogen and adjacent areas in northern Tibet (a) and geological sketch of the Kaipinggou area (b)

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图 2 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩的野外(a, b)和显微镜下照片(c~f)

a.野外辉长岩侵入超基性岩; b.蛇纹石化橄榄岩; c.斑状蛇纹石内残留橄榄石(单偏光); d.孤岛状残留的橄榄石(正交偏光); e.蛇纹石化单斜辉石(正交偏光); f.蛇纹石内金红石包体(单偏光). Ol.橄榄岩, Cpx.单斜辉石, Srp.蛇纹石, Rut.金红石, Spl.尖晶石.据Whitney and Evans(2010)

Fig. 2. Photographs showing field occurrence (a, b) and microscope (c-f) for peridotites at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 3 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b)

原始地幔及球粒陨石标准化值据McDonough and Sun(1995)

Fig. 3. Chondrite normalized REE pattern (a) and PM-normalized trace element spider diagram (b) for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 4 开屏沟橄榄岩铂族元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式

底图据Su et al.(2016)；标准化值据McDonough and Sun(1995)

Fig. 4. Chondrite-normalized PGE pattern for peridotite at Kaipinggou

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图 5 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩锆石CL图像

括号外数值表示年龄, 括号内数值表示锆石Hf同位素组成

Fig. 5. Zircon CL images for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 6 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图

Fig. 6. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 7 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩锆石中矿物包裹体的代表照片和拉曼光谱

Zrn.锆石；Ol.橄榄石；Cpx.单斜辉石；Cal.方解石.据Whitney and Evans (2010)

Fig. 7. Representative photographs and raman spectra of mineral inclusions in zircon for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 8 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩全岩Mg/Si-LOI(a)和Mg^#-LOI(b)图解

Fig. 8. Plots of Mg/Si-LOI (a) and Mg^#-LOI (b) for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 9 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩全岩Mg/Si-Mg^#(a)和Ni-Mg^#(b)图解

据Chen et al.(2015)

Fig. 9. Plots of Mg/Si- Mg^# (a) and Ni-Mg^# (b) for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 10 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩内橄榄石NiO-Fo(a)和CaO-Fo(b)图解

据Su et al. (2016)

Fig. 10. Plots of NiO-Fo (a) and CaO-Fo (b) of peridot from peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 11 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩锆石Th-U图解(a)和稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图(b)

Fig. 11. Zircon Th-U plot (a) and chondrite-normalized REE pattern (b) for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 12 柴北缘造山带开屏沟橄榄岩锆石¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf-¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf图解(a)和ε_Hf(t)-t图解(b)

Fig. 12. Plots of ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf-¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf (a) and ε_Hf(t)-t (b) of zircon from peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

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图 13 壳幔相互作用流体与上覆地幔交代的柴北缘造山模式

据Chen et al.(2017)修改

Fig. 13. Crust-mantle interaction through metasomatic reaction of the overlying mantle wedge peridotite with fluids in North Qaidam

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表 1 开屏沟造山带橄榄岩主量元素(%)和微量元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 1. Major elements (%) and trace elements (10^-6) results for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

样品	P73Bb0-1	P73Bb1-1	P73Bb2-1	P73Bb3-1	P73Bb6-1	P73Bb8-1	P73Bb9-1
SiO₂	37.28	39.11	36.95	37.80	38.20	38.88	38.22
TiO₂	0.04	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.04	0.03	0.04
Al₂O₃	1.04	1.04	1.08	1.11	4.21	1.98	2.01
Fe₂O₃	6.52	7.22	7.19	7.97	6.13	4.78	4.78
FeO	2.95	2.45	3.20	2.75	3.80	3.20	3.20
MnO	0.13	0.11	0.11	0.10	0.15	0.10	0.11
MgO	34.83	37.04	35.40	36.30	33.96	35.07	34.30
CaO	2.81	0.20	1.79	0.88	3.46	2.27	3.10
Na₂O	0.10	0.13	0.49	0.10	0.25	0.13	0.10
K₂O	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.05
P₂O₅	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02
LOI	13.30	11.74	12.79	12.07	9.09	12.49	13.06
H₂O⁺	10.06	11.20	10.31	11.07	8.90	11.31	11.02
H₂O^-	0.73	0.58	0.61	0.61	0.78	0.79	0.74
S	199.28	276.48	782.55	473.76	425.15	636.73	675.33
La	0.25	0.10	0.18	0.15	0.14	0.29	0.47
Ce	0.58	0.23	0.40	0.28	0.28	0.59	0.96
Pr	0.068	0.026	0.045	0.028	0.038	0.068	0.110
Nd	0.28	0.099	0.16	0.12	0.18	0.31	0.47
Sm	0.071	0.023	0.046	0.029	0.055	0.072	0.11
Eu	0.018	0.007 9	0.051	0.052	0.033	0.036	0.048
Gd	0.076	0.026	0.059	0.036	0.092	0.110	0.120
Tb	0.014	0.004 1	0.009 1	0.006 3	0.017	0.020	0.023
Dy	0.095	0.038	0.047	0.035	0.120	0.120	0.160
Ho	0.018	0.006	0.013	0.008	0.027	0.030	0.036
Er	0.055	0.026	0.043	0.033	0.079	0.10	0.10
Tm	0.010	0.006	0.007	0.005	0.013	0.020	0.019
Yb	0.069	0.047	0.056	0.037	0.085	0.140	0.130
Lu	0.012	0.008	0.011	0.009	0.016	0.021	0.021
ΣREE	1.62	0.64	1.14	0.83	1.17	1.94	2.79
LREE	1.27	0.48	0.89	0.67	0.73	1.38	2.18
HREE	0.35	0.16	0.24	0.17	0.44	0.56	0.61
LREE/HREE	3.63	2.97	3.65	3.93	1.64	2.44	3.55
(La/Yb)_N	2.49	1.42	2.23	2.73	1.08	1.45	2.40
(La/Sm)_N	2.24	2.70	2.50	3.26	1.55	2.54	2.61
(Gd/Yb)_N	0.90	0.45	0.85	0.79	0.87	0.66	0.76
δEu	0.72	0.97	2.96	4.91	1.41	1.22	1.23
Li	1.98	1.90	0.98	1.04	1.07	1.00	1.18
Be	0.024	0.009	0.150	0.150	0.015	0.038	0.026
Sc	6.22	6.71	6.90	7.24	10.60	7.20	7.32
V	34.3	31.6	29.2	29.5	42.0	36.7	37.0
Cr	5 805	6 026	4 787	4 777	4 596	5 948	5 874
Co	124	124	116	126	109	105	103
Ni	1 961	1 938	2 147	2 108	1 642	2 110	2 070
Cu	15.60	6.40	5.97	2.56	1.28	27.70	39.40
Zn	53.0	49.6	45.4	44.3	46.4	35.4	39.6
Ga	1.74	1.91	1.33	1.30	2.40	2.20	2.28
Rb	0.79	0.15	0.36	0.27	0.18	0.92	1.47
Sr	60.7	5.5	98.8	66.4	11.8	32.2	55.2
Y	0.53	0.22	0.39	0.24	0.72	0.84	0.94
Zr	0.92	0.66	0.48	0.38	0.56	1.49	3.25
Nb	0.140	0.052	0.096	0.088	0.055	0.130	0.170
Sn	0.100	0.100	0.130	0.096	0.057	0.094	0.110
Cs	0.094	0.022	0.054	0.037	0.044	0.240	0.330
Ba	71.1	28.5	23.3	24.1	4.1	13.0	39.6
Hf	0.031	0.027	0.018	0.014	0.022	0.057	0.10
Ta	0.008 9	0.003 6	0.003 6	0.003 6	0.005 4	0.007 9	0.012 0
Tl	0.033	0.034	0.043	0.038	0.020	0.049	0.059
Pb	0.93	0.54	1.73	1.95	0.69	1.39	2.39
Th	0.096	0.025	0.050	0.029	0.021	0.090	0.150
U	0.19	0.06	0.14	0.12	0.04	0.79	0.95

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表 2 开屏沟造山带橄榄岩中橄榄石主量元素含量(%)

Table 2. Contents of major elements (%) of olivine for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

样品	Olv-1	Olv-2	Olv-3	Olv-4	Olv-5	Olv-6	Olv-7	Olv-8	Olv-9	Olv-10	Olv-11	Olv-12	Olv-13	Olv-14	Olv-15	Olv-16	Olv-17
Na₂O	0.03	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.02
SiO₂	38.67	38.64	38.54	37.79	38.12	38.56	37.43	38.34	38.21	38.19	38.21	38.41	38.30	38.50	39.00	39.41	38.92
TiO₂	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.02
CaO	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00
ZrO₂	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
FeO	9.37	9.82	9.75	9.83	9.46	9.34	9.74	9.67	9.81	9.36	9.38	9.45	9.43	7.35	7.42	7.45	8.14
CoO	0.03	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.05	0.05	0.00	0.00	0.04	0.04	0.00	0.00
Al₂O₃	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.03	0.00	0.00	0.07	0.03
MgO	50.99	50.19	51.10	50.89	51.02	50.89	51.90	51.00	51.00	51.14	51.09	51.14	51.19	52.89	52.18	51.93	51.50
K₂O	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Cr₂O₃	0.00	0.03	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
MnO	0.16	0.20	0.17	0.15	0.16	0.15	0.17	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.14	0.16	0.16	0.18	0.16
NiO	0.32	0.39	0.39	0.43	0.36	0.38	0.40	0.41	0.45	0.38	0.36	0.39	0.40	0.38	0.40	0.35	0.36
ZnO	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	99.61	99.30	99.98	99.11	99.15	99.39	99.67	99.61	99.66	99.32	99.32	99.59	99.53	99.37	99.24	99.43	99.14
Si	0.96	0.96	0.95	0.94	0.95	0.96	0.93	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.96	0.97	0.96
Ti	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Al	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Cr	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Fe²⁺	0.19	0.20	0.20	0.21	0.20	0.19	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.19	0.19	0.20	0.20	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.17
Mn	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Mg	1.88	1.86	1.88	1.89	1.89	1.88	1.92	1.89	1.89	1.89	1.89	1.89	1.89	1.94	1.91	1.90	1.90
Ni	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Ca	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Total	3.04	3.04	3.05	3.06	3.05	3.04	3.07	3.05	3.05	3.05	3.05	3.05	3.05	3.05	3.04	3.03	3.04
Fo	90.66	90.11	90.34	90.22	90.58	90.66	90.47	90.39	90.26	90.69	90.67	90.61	90.63	92.77	92.61	92.55	91.85
Fa	9.33	9.87	9.65	9.76	9.41	9.32	9.51	9.60	9.73	9.30	9.32	9.38	9.35	7.22	7.37	7.44	8.13
Tp	0.16	0.2	0.17	0.15	0.16	0.15	0.16	0.16	0.15	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.14	0.16	0.16	0.18	0.16

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表 3 开屏沟造山带橄榄岩铂族元素含量(10^-6)

Table 3. Concentrations of PGE (10^-6) for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

样品	Os	Ir	Ru	Rh	Pt	Pd	Pd/Ir	Pt/Pt^*
KP01	0.66	0.82	5.61	1.65	7.04	12.6	15.4	0.26
KP02	1.75	0.60	5.55	0.76	2.33	2.17	3.6	0.31
KP03	0.96	0.89	2.03	3.91	54.4	50.6	56.9	0.66
KP04	0.57	1.59	3.70	2.40	2.08	0.94	0.6	0.24
KP05	0.38	0.40	2.83	0.92	10.0	8.36	20.9	0.62
注：${\rm{Pt/P}}{{\rm{t}}^*} = \left({{\rm{Pt}}/8.3} \right) \times \sqrt {\left({{\rm{Rh/1}}{\rm{.6}}} \right) \times \left({{\rm{Pd/4}}{\rm{.4}}} \right)} .$

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表 4 开屏沟造山带橄榄岩锆石U-Pb同位素测试结果

Table 4. Zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb isotope data for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

点号	元素含量			Th/U	同位素比值						年龄(Ma)
点号	Pb	Th	U	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ
1	267.5	1 494.9	1 797.0	0.83	0.055 68	0.001 20	0.523 73	0.011 50	0.067 74	0.000 67	427.6	7.7	422.6	4.1
2	64.2	264.1	436.5	0.61	0.053 25	0.001 68	0.493 26	0.015 48	0.067 17	0.000 92	407.1	10.5	419.1	5.6
3	73.9	305.4	455.9	0.67	0.060 85	0.002 03	0.570 08	0.019 05	0.067 78	0.000 86	458.1	12.3	422.7	5.2
4	294.7	1 381.2	1 849.3	0.75	0.053 60	0.001 25	0.490 18	0.011 39	0.066 01	0.000 68	405.0	7.8	412.1	4.1
5	127.3	286.1	1 382.4	0.21	0.055 33	0.001 40	0.505 88	0.012 89	0.066 10	0.000 82	415.7	8.7	412.6	5.0
6	268.1	1 225.4	1 495.9	0.82	0.061 79	0.001 39	0.579 51	0.012 44	0.067 76	0.000 71	464.1	8.0	422.7	4.3
7	226.7	596.9	2 370.6	0.25	0.057 73	0.001 17	0.528 75	0.010 66	0.066 15	0.000 70	431.0	7.1	412.9	4.2
8	426.1	1 640.7	3 073.1	0.53	0.055 91	0.001 17	0.516 96	0.010 60	0.066 67	0.000 63	423.1	7.1	416.1	3.8
9	267.4	1 012.0	2 104.0	0.48	0.053 60	0.001 03	0.497 15	0.009 46	0.067 02	0.000 74	409.8	6.4	418.2	4.5
10	179.7	638.0	815.2	0.78	0.057 75	0.003 47	0.538 53	0.030 55	0.067 01	0.001 08	437.5	20.2	418.1	6.5
11	69.7	166.2	339.1	0.49	0.063 33	0.009 37	0.554 70	0.063 91	0.067 29	0.002 77	448.1	41.8	419.8	16.7
12	122.6	419.2	638.5	0.66	0.052 61	0.004 85	0.493 86	0.045 09	0.067 12	0.001 31	407.5	30.7	418.8	7.9
13	729.2	2 494.5	4 573.5	0.55	0.052 86	0.002 23	0.494 29	0.020 06	0.066 75	0.000 88	407.8	13.6	416.5	5.3
14	121.1	434.6	898.1	0.48	0.056 38	0.001 49	0.574 82	0.014 47	0.073 96	0.000 80	461.1	9.3	460.0	4.8
15	458.4	2 393.4	1 753.9	1.36	0.057 53	0.001 43	0.591 91	0.014 51	0.074 32	0.000 61	472.1	9.3	462.1	3.7
16	203.3	1 018.4	910.4	1.12	0.056 17	0.001 67	0.559 13	0.016 56	0.072 31	0.000 76	451.0	10.8	450.1	4.6
17	179.8	446.7	1 386.7	0.32	0.053 77	0.002 73	0.544 93	0.026 55	0.073 53	0.001 15	441.7	17.5	457.4	6.9
18	144.7	47.3	2 236.1	0.02	0.060 44	0.003 03	0.633 26	0.030 34	0.075 60	0.001 05	498.1	18.9	469.8	6.3
19	139.1	326.9	1 325.4	0.25	0.060 29	0.005 31	0.622 27	0.049 12	0.074 72	0.001 12	491.3	30.8	464.5	6.7
20	168.1	481.9	1 011.9	0.48	0.055 51	0.002 94	0.567 35	0.029 64	0.073 33	0.001 05	456.3	19.2	456.2	6.3
21	294.5	101.3	4 961.5	0.02	0.055 57	0.002 08	0.573 11	0.021 04	0.073 87	0.000 88	460.0	13.6	459.4	5.3
22	770.7	1 177.9	4 372.4	0.27	0.071 70	0.001 17	1.188 83	0.027 38	0.119 99	0.002 52	795.4	12.7	730.5	14.5
23	702.9	992.2	901.1	1.10	0.091 14	0.001 68	3.256 07	0.063 50	0.256 41	0.002 75	1470.6	15.1	1471.4	14.1
24	794.9	753.3	1 852.6	0.41	0.095 43	0.001 59	3.067 78	0.062 24	0.230 74	0.003 01	1424.7	15.5	1338.4	15.8
25	243.4	406.8	680.8	0.60	0.072 60	0.001 56	1.692 73	0.037 63	0.168 29	0.001 98	1005.8	14.2	1002.7	10.9
26	446.7	138.5	1 309.9	0.11	0.098 00	0.001 55	3.849 26	0.068 81	0.282 53	0.003 15	1603.1	14.4	1604.1	15.8
27	179.5	348.4	1 368.6	0.25	0.059 15	0.001 26	0.696 92	0.015 35	0.085 05	0.000 98	536.9	9.2	526.2	5.8
28	159.1	154.7	723.6	0.21	0.071 65	0.001 70	1.696 92	0.060 48	0.168 75	0.004 02	1007.4	22.8	1005.2	22.2
29	220.1	1 058.1	2 274.8	0.47	0.063 23	0.001 22	0.772 79	0.014 74	0.088 47	0.000 85	581.4	8.4	546.5	5.0
30	279.7	721.4	1 076.7	0.67	0.067 76	0.001 45	1.099 46	0.029 63	0.116 04	0.001 66	753.1	14.3	707.7	9.6
31	352.1	398.9	563.0	0.71	0.094 95	0.001 75	3.612 24	0.069 60	0.274 42	0.002 53	1552.2	15.3	1563.2	12.8
32	239.5	333.3	1 060.0	0.31	0.067 53	0.001 59	1.335 34	0.035 40	0.142 17	0.001 80	861.2	15.4	856.9	10.2
33	351.4	601.4	1 256.6	0.48	0.072 35	0.001 33	1.537 93	0.032 24	0.152 80	0.001 53	945.7	12.9	916.6	8.6
34	229.0	305.3	1 129.5	0.27	0.067 77	0.001 44	1.295 19	0.030 26	0.137 53	0.001 35	843.6	13.4	830.7	7.7
35	76.7	94.8	363.5	0.26	0.073 03	0.002 10	1.395 96	0.040 91	0.137 95	0.001 28	887.2	17.3	833.0	7.3
36	240.5	413.2	795.7	0.52	0.069 95	0.001 42	1.490 31	0.032 39	0.153 65	0.001 44	926.4	13.2	921.4	8.1
37	462.5	766.1	1 682.1	0.46	0.069 24	0.001 19	1.434 96	0.026 67	0.149 59	0.001 40	903.6	11.1	898.7	7.8
38	205.0	386.2	691.3	0.56	0.067 28	0.001 42	1.349 86	0.029 07	0.145 19	0.001 36	867.5	12.6	873.9	7.6
39	253.7	407.4	884.2	0.46	0.061 18	0.002 79	1.196 34	0.056 49	0.140 63	0.001 98	798.9	26.1	848.2	11.2
40	225.9	362.0	538.8	0.67	0.068 54	0.003 41	1.345 88	0.062 15	0.141 70	0.002 20	865.8	26.9	854.3	12.4
41	155.8	282.0	309.9	0.91	0.069 73	0.004 14	1.388 78	0.080 95	0.142 53	0.002 67	884.2	34.4	859.0	15.1
42	147.4	191.2	515.0	0.37	0.069 93	0.003 58	1.527 38	0.078 72	0.156 46	0.002 55	941.4	31.6	937.1	14.2
43	917.2	438.4	6253.1	0.07	0.070 75	0.002 37	1.419 64	0.048 46	0.143 57	0.002 15	897.2	20.3	864.8	12.1

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表 5 开屏沟造山带橄榄岩锆石微量元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 5. Trace elements (10^-6) results of zircon for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

点号	Ti	Nb	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tm	Yb	Lu	Y	Hf	Ta
1	37.2	15.5	6.67	185	6.28	43.6	38.7	17.9	113	114	1 074	185	3 497	27 807	6.64
2	11.7	8.02	0.000	25.2	0.070	1.15	2.83	0.414	13.9	40.2	413	76.7	976	30 047	4.46
3	3.31	9.55	0.047	30.3	0.045	1.18	3.24	0.595	18.0	44.7	461	82.6	1 139	28 714	5.03
4	15.3	20.8	0.804	88.3	0.540	6.91	10.8	3.22	59.3	114	1 176	214	2 899	27 990	7.78
5	9.25	9.10	0.021	6.61	0.103	2.87	10.5	0.164	91.7	375	3 613	554	9 028	34 188	6.12
6	14.5	11.5	0.890	116	0.767	7.27	9.86	4.00	45.5	108	1 157	226	2 522	30 331	4.86
7	21.8	11.9	0.065	16.8	0.181	3.05	11.7	0.27	104	332	3 081	506	8 567	36 877	8.88
8	37.9	12.5	26.1	114	9.92	66.2	54.1	6.85	205	166	1 515	244	5 571	28 837	6.88
9	15.2	12.8	7.041	114	1.79	10.1	8.17	3.29	39.8	91.3	994	187	2 164	29 657	6.96
10	17.9	6.60	0.000	85.5	0.040	3.76	6.91	1.43	36.2	76.2	820	162	2 178	38 260	3.59
11	38.4	5.40	0.000	6.49	0.073	1.73	7.79	0.000	58.6	129	1 283	228	3 988	37 964	2.00
12	28.1	8.48	0.000	29.2	0.000	1.89	11.6	0.241	58.3	114	1 088	191	3 438	38 765	4.58
13	14.5	15.4	4.50	154	4.15	30.5	25.4	3.50	101	115	1 211	220	3 855	39 790	10.4
14	38.3	7.50	0.217	22.21	0.253	4.22	11.5	0.509	77.5	187	1 728	278	4 805	31 496	5.64
15	50.6	10.4	2.63	110	2.46	30.9	34.0	8.98	138	183	1 821	363	5 807	22 036	4.52
16	28.5	4.91	0.100	97.0	0.800	13.1	21.7	6.12	93.9	109	1 069	206	3 600	26 019	2.34
17	20.8	6.48	2.29	20.3	1.70	11.8	18.0	0.722	102	227	2 214	386	6 733	39 941	4.95
18	8.17	2.12	6.44	15.5	1.49	9.95	4.55	0.157	18.3	46.9	497	96.1	1 444	42 946	5.65
19	27.3	5.00	0.836	14.4	0.797	2.62	12.5	0.671	79.5	246	2 315	411	6 820	42 691	4.20
20	19.5	5.37	0.000	15.7	0.064	2.16	9.92	0.324	90.0	190	1 826	315	5 884	35 773	3.57
21	32.5	29.6	0.048	4.98	0.036	0.32	3.27	3.73	40.7	106	1 200	255	3 116	59 278	13.2
22	9.61	3.49	0.047	43.9	0.025	1.02	3.50	0.800	16.8	68.0	812	166	1 526	33 226	2.72
23	30.6	6.24	2.14	35.9	4.62	33.0	26.7	7.16	78.7	64.0	598	105	2 491	35 286	5.79
24	579	26.9	3.64	40.3	2.75	25.9	32.8	2.91	163	183	1 669	284	6 185	26 186	6.10
25	28.7	4.14	0.000	40.4	0.263	5.16	12.0	1.83	78.7	137	1 334	245	4 236	29 600	2.66
26	13.5	4.81	1.15	18.7	0.868	9.57	17.4	1.46	102	111	1 077	206	3 626	29 962	2.47
27	33.3	16.7	97.7	340	46.6	207	53.2	1.85	93.5	117	1 106	194	3 670	34 119	8.72
28	13.2	3.32	2.21	12.1	2.53	24.7	49.3	1.33	268	242	2 060	344	9 667	34 169	1.36
29	23.8	7.89	0.166	17.8	0.220	2.68	4.20	0.314	23.6	40.1	428	90.5	1 113	28 132	3.51
30	20.8	15.5	0.413	32.1	0.349	5.20	12.7	0.913	73.4	111	1 019	177	3 568	31 476	6.56
31	15.8	24.8	3.25	58.0	1.38	9.41	11.2	0.487	70.5	133	1 248	218	4 075	35 142	11.7
32	33.4	12.7	0.000	29.3	0.211	4.02	9.57	0.787	68.5	106	988	172	3 392	30 365	5.26
33	16.7	3.14	0.000	41.4	0.095	2.17	4.15	0.844	24.5	46.9	507	104	1 247	35 629	2.64
34	9.10	3.59	0.044	20.0	0.853	10.7	20.9	4.50	104	133	1 366	256	4 241	21 363	1.34
35	47.1	3.70	0.000	56.3	0.285	8.97	10.5	4.26	53.3	96.7	999	198	2 800	24 456	1.49
36	22.6	2.59	0.146	5.31	0.217	4.92	11.3	0.205	63.5	123	1 154	209	3 761	40 087	1.10
37	15.9	12.8	4.11	32.0	3.89	24.0	22.8	1.39	94.0	318	3 133	526	8 647	49 219	13.2
38	592	16.6	191	505	147	786	465	122	698	307	2 657	420	11 363	29 867	8.34
39	45.4	10.2	0.171	124	0.349	9.80	18.3	3.89	79.9	137	1 293	217	3 731	25 610	5.17
40	19.0	16.9	0.621	57.0	0.810	9.00	16.9	5.73	67.0	119	1 180	207	3 023	32 132	11.4
41	26.0	13.4	1.43	37.7	0.761	6.09	9.87	0.691	52.0	93.5	843	138	2 540	27 743	6.33
42	14.8	7.50	0.052	13.2	0.161	2.31	3.99	1.00	26.6	55.2	596	121	1 285	31 214	2.77
43	60.2	5.08	0.049	40.9	0.455	6.44	12.7	1.89	62.4	74.0	678	107	2 163	32 866	3.10

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表 6 开屏沟造山带橄榄岩锆石Lu-Hf同位素

Table 6. Zircon Lu-Hf isotope data for peridotite at Kaipinggou in the Qaidam orogen

点号	¹⁷⁶Yb/ ¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	¹⁷⁶Lu/ ¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	¹⁷⁶Hf/ ¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	t (Ma)	(¹⁷⁶Hf/ ¹⁷⁷Hf)_i	ε_Hf(0)	2σ	ε_Hf (t)	2σ	t_DM1	t_DM2	f
1	0.032 292	0.000 315	0.001 205	0.000 007	0.282 331	0.000 024	422	0.282 322	-16.06	0.84	-7.13	0.84	1 307	1 833	-0.96
2	0.022 785	0.000 139	0.000 901	0.000 005	0.282 318	0.000 028	416	0.282 311	-16.52	0.98	-7.51	0.98	1 315	1 857	-0.97
3	0.009 307	0.000 101	0.000 441	0.000 007	0.282 223	0.000 016	422	0.282 219	-19.89	0.56	-10.76	0.56	1 430	2 062	-0.99
4	0.008 041	0.000 045	0.000 346	0.000 002	0.282 188	0.000 017	419	0.282 185	-21.11	0.60	-11.96	0.61	1 474	2 137	-0.99
5	0.015 044	0.000 076	0.000 695	0.000 003	0.282 495	0.000 020	418	0.282 489	-10.27	0.72	-1.20	0.72	1 062	1 458	-0.98
6	0.019 912	0.000 146	0.000 873	0.000 006	0.282 333	0.000 020	412	0.282 326	-16.00	0.69	-6.98	0.69	1 294	1 824	-0.97
7	0.045 159	0.000 132	0.001 756	0.000 005	0.282 311	0.000 014	412	0.282 297	-16.76	0.48	-7.99	0.48	1 355	1 887	-0.95
8	0.044 966	0.000 687	0.001 764	0.000 028	0.282 247	0.000 028	412	0.282 233	-19.03	1.00	-10.26	1.01	1 447	2 030	-0.95
9	0.013 726	0.000 199	0.000 642	0.000 008	0.282 380	0.000 018	422	0.282 375	-14.33	0.64	-5.24	0.64	1 220	1 714	-0.98
10	0.033 319	0.000 156	0.001 265	0.000 006	0.282 344	0.000 022	418	0.282 334	-15.59	0.79	-6.64	0.79	1 291	1 804	-0.96
11	0.023 167	0.000 135	0.000 991	0.000 005	0.282 238	0.000 021	419	0.282 230	-19.36	0.75	-10.31	0.75	1 430	2 036	-0.97
12	0.003 463	0.000 171	0.000 198	0.000 007	0.282 243	0.000 014	418	0.282 241	-19.18	0.51	-9.94	0.51	1 394	2 012	-0.99
13	0.008 054	0.000 033	0.000 442	0.000 002	0.282 261	0.000 017	416	0.282 258	-18.53	0.58	-9.40	0.58	1 378	1 976	-0.99
14	0.008 488	0.000 078	0.000 388	0.000 004	0.282 725	0.000 022	457	0.282 721	-2.14	0.77	7.93	0.77	735	909	-0.99
15	0.061 912	0.000 202	0.002 827	0.000 011	0.282 715	0.000 022	464	0.282 690	-2.49	0.78	6.98	0.78	800	975	-0.92
16	0.022 528	0.000 252	0.000 902	0.000 006	0.282 485	0.000 015	456	0.282 478	-10.59	0.53	-0.71	0.53	1 081	1 458	-0.97
17	0.016 885	0.000 263	0.000 813	0.000 011	0.282 558	0.000 026	462	0.282 551	-8.02	0.92	2.02	0.92	977	1 289	-0.98
18	0.021 069	0.000 185	0.001 228	0.000 008	0.282 773	0.000 036	459	0.282 763	-0.41	1.27	9.45	1.27	683	814	-0.96
19	0.008 278	0.000 177	0.000 386	0.000 008	0.282 706	0.000 023	459	0.282 703	-2.80	0.82	7.32	0.82	761	950	-0.99
20	0.041 891	0.000 649	0.002 571	0.000 044	0.282 768	0.000 045	458	0.282 745	-0.62	1.61	8.81	1.61	716	854	-0.92
21	0.005 837	0.000 034	0.000 283	0.000 002	0.282 589	0.000 010	462	0.282 587	-6.92	0.37	3.29	0.37	920	1 209	-0.99

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