Control Factors and Distribution of Chlorite-Cemented Facies in the Xujiahe Sandstone, Yuanba and Tongnanba Area
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摘要: 川东北元坝-通南巴地区须家河组砂岩普遍超致密，仅绿泥石环边胶结物含量大于1.5%的砂岩（即绿泥石膜胶结相砂岩）物性较好.综合运用岩石学和测井地质学的方法，基于薄片、扫描电镜及粒度分析等资料分析绿泥石膜胶结相砂岩的岩石组构特征和形成控制因素，运用薄片鉴定、测录井等资料，明确绿泥石膜胶结相砂岩的测井响应特征并明确其发育分布规律.结果表明，绿泥石膜的发育具有较强的相控性和岩石组构的选择性，即发育于水下分流河道原始结构较好的砂岩.该类砂岩结构成熟度和成分成熟度较高，通常具有较低的杂基和塑性岩屑含量，且含有适量的火山岩岩屑（2%~6%）.较低的杂基和塑性岩屑含量为绿泥石沉淀提供所需的孔隙空间，火山岩岩屑为绿泥石膜沉淀提供物质来源.Abstract: The sandstones reservoirs of the Xujiahe Formation in the Yuanba and Tongnanba area, Sichuan Basin have poor qualities, and only those with chlorite rim, which has a content of more than 1.5% (i.e. chlorite-cemented facies) show a higher porosity. Based on lithology and well-logging geology, composition and control factors of formation of sandstones with chloritecemented facies are analysed with thin section analysis, scanning electron microscopic analysis and grain size analysis, well log responses and distribution of sandstones with chlorite-cemented facies are identified with thin section and well logging data. The formation of chlorite rim has strong environmental specificity and sandstone composition selectivity, that is, it develops in the sandstones with good original porosity in the subaqueous distributary channel. Sandstone with chlorite-cemented facies has higher texture maturity and composition maturity, with lower contents of matrix and plastic rock fragment, and it also has a certain amount of volcanic rock fragments (2%~6%). Lower contents of matrix and plastic rock fragment provided space for precipitation of chlorite, and volcanic rock fragments provided source of chlorite precipitation.
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Key words:
- chlorite rim /
- diagenesis /
- tight-gas sandstone /
- Xujiahe Formation /
- northeastern Sichuan Basin
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图 1 元坝-通南巴地区构造位置图
Fig. 1. Structural location map of the Yuanba and Tongnanba area in NE Sichuan Basin
图 2 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组不同类型砂岩孔渗交汇图
Fig. 2. Cross plot of porosity and permeability for samples of various sandstones, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
图 3 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组砂岩碎屑组分含量与岩屑类型三角图（分类方案据Folk，1974）
a.碎屑组分含量三角图；b.岩屑类型三角图；1.石英砂岩；2.长石石英砂岩；3.岩屑石英砂岩；4.长石砂岩；5.岩屑长石砂岩；6.长石岩屑砂岩；7.岩屑砂岩
Fig. 3. Ternary diagram illustrating the detrital composition and the rock fragments composition of the Xujiahe sandstones, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
图 4 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组绿泥石膜镜下特征照片
a.元陆6井，4 464.8 m，须二下亚段，中粒长石岩屑砂岩，单偏光，×100，颗粒接触部位不发育或发育极少量绿泥石膜（白色箭头），绿泥石膜呈叶片状围绕颗粒边缘生长，可见残余原生粒间孔；b.元陆175井，4 602.3 m，须四上亚段，中粒长石岩屑砂岩，单偏光，×100，可见火山岩岩屑；c.元陆175井，4 602.6 m，须四上亚段，中粒长石岩屑砂岩，扫描电镜，×2 400，绿泥石膜围绕石英颗粒生长；d.元陆6井，4 464.8 m，须二下亚段，中粒长石岩屑砂岩，单偏光，×100，绿泥石膜呈叶片状围绕颗粒边缘生长，可见两期绿泥石膜；e.元陆6井，4 464.8 m，须二下亚段，中粒长石岩屑砂岩，×6 000，两期绿泥石膜；f.马201井，3 374.92 m，须二上亚段，中粒长石岩屑砂岩，×6 000，两期绿泥石膜
Fig. 4. Thin section and SEM images showing the characteristics of chlorite rim in the Xujiahe sandstones, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
图 5 石英加大边中包裹体均一温度分布图
Fig. 5. Homogenization temperature of the fluid inclusion in quartz overgrowth cements
图 6 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组典型井（a）绿泥石膜含量与（b）火山岩岩屑含量直方图
Fig. 6. Histogram of (a) average content of chlorite cements and (b) average content of volcanic rock fragments in the Xujiahe sandstones, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
图 7 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组砂岩绿泥石膜与平均粒径和颗粒分选交汇图
a.绿泥石膜含量与平均粒径交汇图; b.绿泥石膜含量与颗粒分选交汇图
Fig. 7. Cross plots of grain size and grain sorting versus content of chlorite cements of the Xujiahe sandstones in typical wells, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
图 8 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组砂岩典型井组分纵向分布特征
a. L6井；b. M201井；c. L173井
Fig. 8. The vertical distribution of rock constituents of the Xujiahe sandstones in typical wells, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
图 9 元坝-通南巴地区须家河组绿泥石膜胶结相砂岩测井解释模板
Fig. 9. Well log interpretation template of chlorite-cemented facies in the Xujiahe sandstones, Yuanba and Tongnanba area
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