Baddeleyite U-Pb Geochronology of Rare Metal Mineralized Carbonatite and Peridotite in Dagele Area of East Kunlun Orogen and Its Prospecting Significance
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摘要: 东昆仑大格勒地区发现稀有和稀土矿化碱性岩-碳酸岩杂岩体，表明东昆仑稀有和稀土金属成矿也具有较大的前景，在东昆仑地质过程研究和稀有金属找矿方面具有重要的意义.以大格勒杂岩体中碳酸岩和橄榄岩为目标，针对斜锆石开展地球化学和同位素年代学研究工作，橄榄岩中斜锆石化学成分主要为ZrO2(96.48%~97.21%)，其次为HfO2(0.83%~1.17%)和Nb2O5(0.61%~0.93%)，LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果表明，207Pb校正年龄加权平均值为381.0±2.3 Ma和417.5±3.4 Ma，T-W图的下交点年龄为381.1±2.3 Ma和417.7±3.4 Ma；碳酸岩中斜锆石化学成分主要为ZrO2(91.1%)，其次为HfO2(4.3%)、Nb2O5(1.22%)和FeO(2.31%)，207Pb校正年龄加权平均值为381.5±2.5 Ma和416.5±4.5 Ma，T-W图的下交点年龄为381.8±1.8 Ma和416.7±4.5 Ma.推断碳酸岩的形成时代为381.8 Ma，橄榄岩的形成时代为417.7 Ma，暗示富集Nb元素的硅不饱和岩浆活动至少存在两期，东昆仑加里东碰撞造山带碰撞后-造山后岩石圈伸展、地幔部分熔融是其形成的最主要的地球动力学机制.推断晚志留世-泥盆纪是东昆仑十分重要的一个稀有金属成矿期，大格勒-诺木洪河地区是东昆仑稀有金属成矿的重要远景区之一.Abstract: The rare-metal and rare-earth mineralized alkaline-carbonatite complex was first discovered in the Dagele area of East Kunlun orogen. This discovery indicates that the East Kunlun orogen has great prospects for rare-metal mineralization. Related studies are vital for understanding the geological processes and searching for rare-metal deposits in East Kunlun orogen. This study reports the geochemistry and geochronology of baddeleyites from peridotite and carbonatite within the Dagele alkaline complex. Baddeleyites from peridotite mainly contain ZrO2 (96.48%-97.21%) with minor HfO2 (0.83%-1.17%) and Nb2O5 (0.61%-0.93%). After common Pb correction using measured 207Pb, they yield weighted average ages of 381.0±2.3 Ma and 417.5±3.4 Ma with low intercept ages of 381.1±2.3 Ma and 417.7±3.4 Ma, respectively. Baddeleyites from carbonatite are mainly composed of ZrO2 (91.1%), followed by HfO2 (4.3%), Nb2O5 (1.22%), and FeO (2.31%). They yield weighted average ages of 381.5±2.5 Ma and 416.5±4.5 Ma with low intercept ages of 381.8±1.8 Ma and 416.7±4.5 Ma, respectively. It is inferred that the carbonatite and peridotite are formed at 381.8 Ma and 417.7 Ma, respectively. There are at least two stages of enrichment of Nb in the silica-unsaturated magma. Post-collisional and post-orogenic lithosphere extension and partial melting of mantle beneath the East Kunlun collisional orogen were considered as the geodynamic mechanism for its formation. Therefore, it is suggested that the Late Silurian-Devonian is an important period of rare-metal mineralization. The area between Dagela and Nuomuhong River is one of the important regions for prospecting of rare-metal mineralization.
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Key words:
- East Kunlun /
- Dagele /
- peridotite /
- carbonatite /
- baddeleyite /
- rare metals /
- geochemistry /
- petrology
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图 1 东昆仑造山带地理位置(a)和地质简图(b)
图a据Bi et al.(2022)修改；图b据王秉璋等(2021)修改.1.侏罗系；2.三叠系；3.石炭系-二叠系；4.石炭系；5.泥盆系；6.寒武系-奥陶系；7.志留系；8.元古宇；9.二叠纪-三叠纪花岗岩；10.志留纪-泥盆纪花岗岩；11.寒武纪-奥陶纪花岗岩；12.镁铁-超镁铁质岩；13.区域性断裂及编号；14.一般断裂；15.榴辉岩产地；16.湖泊；17.河流；F1.阿尔金断裂；F2.昆北断裂；F3.昆中断裂；F4.昆南断裂
Fig. 1. Geographical location (a) and geological sketch (b) of East Kunlun orogenic belt
图 2 东昆仑大格勒碱性岩-碳酸岩杂岩体地质略图和卫星影像图(GF2)
Fig. 2. Geological sketch and satellite image (GF2) of alkaline-carbonatite complex in the Dagele area, East Kunlun
图 3 东昆仑大格勒地区碳酸岩(a~d)、辉石岩(a)、角闪石岩(c)和橄榄岩(d)野外照片
Fig. 3. Field photos of carbonatite (a-d), pyroxenite (a), hornblendite (c) and peridotite (d) in Dagele area, East Kunlun
图 4 东昆仑大格勒地区碳酸岩(a~c)和蛇纹石化橄榄岩(d~f)镜下特征
图a~d，f为正交偏光照片；图e为单偏光照片. 矿物缩写：Dol.白云石；Cc.方解石；Ap.磷灰石；Ol.橄榄石；Serp.蛇纹石；Chl.绿泥石；Mt.磁铁矿；Sp.尖晶石；Frs.铌钙矿；Brc.水镁石
Fig. 4. Microscopic characteristics of carbonate (a-c) and serpentine peridotite (d-f) in Dagele area, East Kunlun
图 5 东昆仑大格勒地区碳酸岩(a)和蛇纹石化橄榄岩(b)背散射电子图像
矿物缩写：Dol.白云石；Frs.铌钙矿；Bad.斜锆石；Mt.磁铁矿；Serp.蛇纹石；Fgs-Ce.褐铈铌矿；Ap.磷灰石
Fig. 5. Backscattered electron images of carbonate (a) and serpentine peridotite (b) from Dagele area, East Kunlun
图 6 东昆仑大格勒地区橄榄岩(a)和碳酸岩(b)斜锆石阴极发光图
图中年龄为207Pb校正年龄
Fig. 6. Baddeleyite cathodoluminescence of peridotite (a) and carbonatite (b) from Dagle area, East Kunlun
图 7 东昆仑大格勒地区斜锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄谐和图(a, c)和206Pb/238U加权平均年龄图(b, d)
a，b.橄榄岩；c，d.碳酸岩
Fig. 7. LA-ICP-MS baddeleyite U-Pb concordia diagrams (a, c) and 206Pb/238U weighted mean age diagrams (b, d)
图 8 东昆仑大格勒-诺木洪河地区志留纪-泥盆纪岩浆岩地质略图
(1)Zhang et al.(2021)；(2)Ding et al.(2019)；(3)严威等(2016)；(4)陆露等(2013)；(5)胡继春等(2017)；(6)王艺龙等(2018)；(7)龙晓平等(2006)；(8)Wang et al.(2022)；(9)刘彬等(2012)；(10)Tang et al.(2020)；(11) Ba et al.(2018)；(12) 邓红宾等(2021)；(13)Xin et al.(2018)；(14)Wang et al.(2019)；(15) Xiong et al.(2014)；(16) 张亮等(2021)；(17) 田广阔等(2016)；(18) 郝梦楠等(2021)；(19) Zhang et al.(2018)；(20)Li et al.(2018)；(21)雷勇亮等(2021)
Fig. 8. Geological sketch of Silurian-Devonian magmatic rocks in Dagele-Nuomuhonghe area, East Kunlun
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