Quantitative Evaluation of Petroleum Maturity of Different Periods of Charging of Ordovician Reservoirs in Tahe Area Using Fluorescence Spectrum Parameters of Oil
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摘要: 塔河地区储层原油主要来自于寒武系玉尔吐斯组烃源岩，所发现的油藏为不同期次，不同成熟度的原油在储层中发生混合的结果.在对储层原油成熟度和荧光光谱分析的基础之上，利用荧光光谱参数建立原油成熟度定量评价模板，通过获取的油包裹体荧光光谱参数对塔河地区不同期次充注原油的成熟度进行定量评价.原油成熟度参数分析结果表明芳烃中甲基菲指数和二苯并噻吩参数是定量评价塔河地区原油成熟度的有效指标.采用芳烃成熟度参数计算得到塔河地区原油成熟度（Ro）范围为0.6%~1.4%，与原油荧光光谱参数具有很好的相关性，基于原油荧光光谱参数与成熟度的关系建立了原油成熟度定量评价模板.流体包裹体分析结果表明塔河地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层中存在四期油气充注，分别对应发橘黄色、亮黄色、浅黄色和蓝色荧光的油包裹体，不同期次油包裹体荧光光谱参数存在一定差异.通过不同期次油包裹体荧光光谱参数结合建立的原油荧光光谱参数成熟度评价模板确定橘黄色荧光油包裹体油成熟度（Ro）小于0.6%，亮黄色荧光油包裹体油（Ro）在0.6%~0.8%之间，浅黄色荧光油包裹体油（Ro）在0.8%~1.0%之间，蓝色荧光油包裹体油（Ro）在1.0%~1.2%之间.确定的不同期次充注油气的成熟度对于研究塔河地区油气成藏过程具有重要的参考作用.Abstract: The crude oil in the reservoirs in the Tahe area is mainly derived from the Cambrian Yuertusi source rocks. The discovered oil reservoirs are the result of mixing of crude oils of different stages and different maturities in the reservoirs. Based on the analysis of reservoir oil maturity and fluorescence spectra, this paper uses fluorescence spectrum parameters to establish a quantitative evaluation template for crude oil maturity, and assesses the maturity of crude oil at different episodes in the Tahe area by obtaining oil inclusion fluorescence spectrum parameters. The analysis results of the maturity parameters of crude oil show that the methylphenanthrene parameters and dibenzothiophene parameters in aromatic hydrocarbons are effective indicators for quantitatively evaluating the maturity of crude oil in Tahe area. Using aromatic hydrocarbon maturity parameters to calculate, the crude oil maturity (Ro) in Tahe area ranges from 0.6% to 1.4%, which has a good correlation with the crude oil fluorescence spectrum parameters, and a quantitative evaluation template for crude oil maturity is established based on the relationship between the two. The fluid inclusion analysis results show that there are four periods of petroleum charging in the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe area, corresponding to oil inclusions with orange, bright yellow, light yellow, and blue fluorescence. The fluorescence spectrum parameters of oil inclusions in different periods are also different. Based on the fluorescence spectrum parameters of oil inclusions in different periods and the established fluorescence spectrum parameters-maturity evaluation template of crude oil, it is determined that the maturity (Ro) of oil in orange fluorescent oil inclusions is less than 0.6%, that of oil in bright yellow fluorescent oil inclusions is between 0.6% and 0.8%, that of oil in light yellow fluorescent oil inclusions is between 0.8% and 1.0%, and that of oil in blue fluorescent oil inclusions is between 1.0% and 1.2%.The determined maturity of petroleum in different periods has an important reference for the study of petroleum accumulation process in Tahe area.
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图 2 塔河地区原油及寒武系烃源岩饱和烃色谱‒质谱图（LT1数据引自杨海军等, 2020）
Fig. 2. Chromatography-mass spectra of saturated hydrocarbon of the crude oil and Cambrian source rock in Tahe area
图 3 塔河地区原油地化特征（LT1数据引自杨海军等, 2020）
Fig. 3. Geochemical features of crude oil in Tahe area
图 4 塔河地区原油菲系列、萘系列化合物质量色谱图
Fig. 4. Mass chromatogram of phenanthrene series and naphthalene series compounds in crude oil from Tahe area
图 5 塔河地区原油CIE色度图和荧光光谱图
Fig. 5. CIE chromaticity diagram and fluorescence spectra of crude oil from Tahe area
图 6 塔河地区原油光谱参数与成熟度参数相关图
Fig. 6. The relationship between crude oil fluorescence spectrum parameters and maturity parameters in Tahe area
图 7 塔河地区碳酸盐岩样品中方解石脉体的透射光和阴极发光照片
a、b. YQ8井样品缝洞充填方解石透射光和阴极发光照片；c、d. AT25X井样品高角度裂缝充填方解石透射光和阴极发光照片；e、f.TS3井样品溶洞充填巨晶方解石透射光和阴极发光照片
Fig. 7. Calcite vein images under transmitted light and cathodoluminescence in carbonatite samples of Tahe area
图 8 塔河地区奥陶系油包裹体透射光、荧光以及荧光光谱图
a~c.YQ8井，6 630.21 m，O1‒2y，高角度缝充填方解石中发育的橘黄色荧光原生油包裹体透射光、荧光和荧光光谱图；d~f. AT25X井，6 588.0 m，O2yj，方解石中发育的亮黄色原生油包裹体透射光、荧光和荧光光谱图；g~i. TS3井，6 103.0 m，O1‒2y，方解石中发育的浅黄色原生油包裹体透射光、荧光和荧光光谱图；j~l. AT5井，6 524.7 m，O2yj，溶洞巨型方解石中发育的蓝色次生油包裹体透射光、荧光和荧光光谱图
Fig. 8. Photographs and fluorescence spectra of oil inclusions in calcite veins in Ordovician reservoirs of Tahe area
图 9 塔河地区奥陶系油包裹体CIE色度图和荧光光谱图
Fig. 9. CIE chromaticity diagram and fluorescence spectra of Ordovician reservoirs oil inclusions in Tahe area
图 10 塔河地区奥陶系储层油包裹体荧光光谱参数‒成熟度相关图
Fig. 10. The relationship between fluorescence spectrum parameters and maturity of oil inclusions in Ordovician reservoirs in Tahe area
表 1 塔河地区原油芳烃成熟度参数
Table 1. Aromatic geochemical parameters of crude oil from Tahe area
井名 深度 层位 TNR1 TNR2 MPI1 MPI2 F1 F2 K2, 4 K4, 6 Rc Ro1 Ro2 AT40 7 227.88~7 254.00 m O2yj 1.53 0.92 1.42 1.50 0.65 0.57 2.78 6.45 1.45 1.41 1.43 S9702 5 545.00~5 650.50 m O2yj 1.11 1.17 1.35 1.44 0.56 0.50 2.21 4.74 1.49 1.17 1.23 AT5 6 554.44~6 595.00 m O2yj 1.50 0.82 1.38 1.47 0.57 0.47 2.28 5.44 1.47 1.21 1.26 SHB5-1 7 468.00~7 888.77 m O2yj 1.00 0.78 0.76 0.88 0.42 0.39 1.24 3.22 0.85 0.81 0.89 YQ14 4 848.00~4 852.00 m K1y 1.25 0.85 0.94 1.07 0.50 0.48 1.52 3.33 0.97 1.02 0.99 YJ3-3H - O2yj 1.15 0.79 0.95 1.13 0.47 0.43 1.77 4.75 0.97 0.95 1.08 TP310 6 759.16~6 855.00 m O2yj 0.85 0.72 0.67 0.79 0.40 0.36 0.96 2.38 0.80 0.76 0.80 TP39 6 950.00~7 110.00 m O2yj 0.68 0.61 0.72 0.84 0.42 0.37 1.12 2.51 0.83 0.83 0.85 HY1 - C1kl 0.92 0.74 0.83 0.97 0.45 0.38 1.01 2.34 0.90 0.88 0.81 TP336H 6 555.06~6 555.16 m O2yj 0.72 0.68 0.61 0.70 0.38 0.33 0.82 1.96 0.77 0.71 0.75 TK506 5 277.81~5 330.00 m O2yj 0.94 0.73 0.73 0.86 0.41 0.37 0.90 2.61 0.84 0.80 0.77 T903 5 726.12~5 870.82 m T2a1 0.82 0.70 0.60 0.69 0.38 0.34 0.82 1.98 0.76 0.71 0.75 TK310-1X 4 945.00~4 954.50 m C1kl 0.83 0.72 0.78 0.92 0.45 0.38 1.25 2.72 0.87 0.89 0.90 TS6 7 418.89 m O1p 1.13 1.30 1.13 1.25 0.53 0.49 2.01 5.67 1.08 1.11 1.16 TK495 - O1‒2y 0.67 0.36 0.53 0.65 0.35 0.31 0.43 1.40 0.72 0.65 0.61 TH123114 6 128.00~6 173.40 m O1‒2y 0.54 0.32 0.55 0.71 0.39 0.34 0.51 0.98 0.73 0.73 0.64 TH10365 5 887.46~5 930.00 m O1‒2y 0.54 0.32 0.50 0.63 0.36 0.34 0.45 0.97 0.70 0.66 0.62 S99 6 171.72 m O1‒2y 0.65 0.34 0.55 0.68 0.37 0.35 0.68 1.38 0.73 0.70 0.70 
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表 2 塔河地区原油荧光光谱参数
Table 2. Fluorescence spectrum parameters of crude oil from Tahe area
井名 深度 层位 λmax Q QF535 CIE-X CIE-Y AT40 7 227.88~7 254.00 m O2yj 455.79 0.06 0.21 0.17 0.17 S9702 5 545.00~5 650.50 m O2yj 456.25 0.12 0.36 0.20 0.22 AT5 6 554.44~6 595.00 m O2yj 456.36 0.08 0.31 0.19 0.22 SHB5-1 7 468.00~7 888.77 m O2yj 513.74 0.31 0.99 0.29 0.40 YQ14 4 848.00~4 852.00 m K1y 498.14 0.15 0.50 0.29 0.36 YJ3-3H - O2yj 505.94 0.17 0.62 0.28 0.38 TP310 6 759.16~6 855.00 m O2yj 535.71 0.34 1.03 0.30 0.38 TP39 6 950.00~7 110.00 m O2yj 503.65 0.34 1.01 0.29 0.37 HY1 - C1kl 511.45 0.47 1.24 0.31 0.37 TP336H 6 555.06~6 555.16 m O2yj 533.43 0.47 1.27 0.32 0.39 TK506 5 277.81~5 330.00 m O2yj 551.54 0.65 1.63 0.34 0.39 T903 5 726.12~5 870.82 m T2a1 554.28 0.91 2.09 0.36 0.39 TK310-1X 4 945.00~4 954.50 m C1kl 502.27 0.54 1.43 0.30 0.37 TS6 7 418.89 m O1p 481.50 0.16 0.61 0.33 0.41 TK495 - O1‒2y 568.10 1.24 2.74 0.37 0.44 TH123114 6 128.00~6 173.40 m O1‒2y 537.69 0.53 1.51 0.36 0.43 TH10365 5 887.46~5 930.00 m O1‒2y 555.57 0.73 1.87 0.24 0.32 S99 6 171.72 m O1‒2y 549.05 0.87 2.15 0.39 0.44
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