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    华北平原典型深部碳酸盐岩热储增产改造技术

    王贵玲 岳高凡 蔺文静 马峰 刘彦广

    王贵玲, 岳高凡, 蔺文静, 马峰, 刘彦广, 2024. 华北平原典型深部碳酸盐岩热储增产改造技术. 地球科学, 49(4): 1470-1486. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.449
    引用本文: 王贵玲, 岳高凡, 蔺文静, 马峰, 刘彦广, 2024. 华北平原典型深部碳酸盐岩热储增产改造技术. 地球科学, 49(4): 1470-1486. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.449
    Wang Guiling, Yue Gaofan, Lin Wenjing, Ma Feng, Liu Yanguang, 2024. Deep Carbonate Geohermal Reservoir Production Enhancement Technology in North China Plain. Earth Science, 49(4): 1470-1486. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.449
    Citation: Wang Guiling, Yue Gaofan, Lin Wenjing, Ma Feng, Liu Yanguang, 2024. Deep Carbonate Geohermal Reservoir Production Enhancement Technology in North China Plain. Earth Science, 49(4): 1470-1486. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.449

    华北平原典型深部碳酸盐岩热储增产改造技术

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2022.449
    基金项目: 

    中国地质科学院项目 SK202306

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      王贵玲(1964-),男,研究员,博士,主要从事地热地质研究.ORCID:0000-0002-2916-7360. E-mail:ihegwangguiling@sina.com

      通讯作者:

      岳高凡(1989-),男,副研究员,博士,主要从事地热地质、多场耦合研究.E-mail: gaofan3904@163.com

    • 中图分类号: P641

    Deep Carbonate Geohermal Reservoir Production Enhancement Technology in North China Plain

    • 摘要: 华北地区地热资源丰富,新发现的蓟县系高于庄组热储层开发利用潜力更大.然而,高于庄组存在裂缝非均质性强、储层产能低等问题.选取华北平原典型高于庄组地热井,进行了酸化压裂和加砂压裂两种改造技术的实验研究和现场增储改造,分析了改造不同阶段的压力监测曲线,进行了改造效果的评估,并初步提出了储层评价-改造设计-效果评价综合技术方法.结果显示,雄安新区高于庄组热储酸化压裂改造后涌水量由4.72 m3/h增加到44.10 m3/h,单位涌水量由0.024 m3/h·m增加到0.745 m3/h·m;沧县隆起高于庄组热储加砂压裂使得单位涌水量由3.009 m3/h·m翻倍式增加至6.158 m3/h·m,单位涌水量增加1倍多,增产改造效果显著.

       

    • 图  1  渤海湾盆地地质构造简图及井位分布

      1.海岸线;2.边界断层;3.盆地边界;4.断层;5.隆起区;Ⅰ.姜各庄隆起;II.石臼坨-柏各庄隆起;Ⅲ.海中隆起;Ⅳ.坦宁隆起;V.沧县隆起;VI.邢衡隆起;VII.内黄隆起.据孙冬胜(2001)龚育龄(2003)

      Fig.  1.  Sketch map of geological structure and well distribution in Bohai Bay basin

      图  2  D22井及GRY1井井身结构图

      Fig.  2.  Structural diagram of D22 and GRY1 wells

      图  3  酸蚀裂缝渗流能力测试结果

      Fig.  3.  Acid-etching fracture seepage capacity test results

      图  4  实时高温真三轴试验系统

      Fig.  4.  Real-time high temperature true triaxial test system

      图  5  起裂强度占比(a)和损伤强度占比(b)随温度的变化

      Fig.  5.  Variation of cracking strength as a percentage of temperature (a), variation of damage intensity percentage with temperature (b)

      图  6  大尺寸真三轴水力压裂试验系统

      Fig.  6.  Large-scale true triaxial hydraulic fracturing test system

      图  7  岩样1水力压裂后岩石破裂

      Fig.  7.  Rock fracture diagram after hydraulic fracturing of rock sample 1

      图  8  岩样2水力压裂后岩石破裂

      Fig.  8.  Rock fracture diagram after hydraulic fracturing of rock sample 2

      图  9  岩样3水力压裂后岩石破裂

      Fig.  9.  Rock fracture diagram after hydraulic fracturing of rock sample 3

      图  10  岩样4水力压裂后岩石破裂

      Fig.  10.  Rock fracture diagram after hydraulic fracturing of rock sample 4

      图  11  岩样5水力压裂后岩石破裂

      Fig.  11.  Rock fracture diagram after hydraulic fracturing of rock sample 5

      图  12  D22井小型试压裂阶段施工曲线

      Fig.  12.  The construction curve of the mini-test fracturing phase of well D22

      图  13  酸压酸蚀裂缝形态模拟结果

      Fig.  13.  Simulation results of acid-pressure and acid-etching fracture morphology

      图  14  GRY1井小型试压裂施工曲线

      Fig.  14.  The construction curve of the mini-test fracturing phase of well GRY1

      图  15  D22井酸化压裂压力曲线

      Fig.  15.  Acid fracturing pressure curve for well D22

      图  16  GRY1水力加砂压裂压力曲线

      Fig.  16.  GRY1 hydraulic sand fracturing pressure curve

      表  1  不同浓度酸液岩屑溶蚀实验结果

      Table  1.   Experimental results of acid rock chip dissolution with different concentrations

      岩屑取样深度(m) 酸溶反应温度
      (℃)
      酸溶反应时间
      (min)
      15% HCl
      溶蚀率(%)
      20% HCl
      溶蚀率(%)
      3 158~3 160 60 60 78.1 82.3
      3 174~3 176 60 60 87.3 88.5
      3 178~3 180 60 60 86.9 87.2
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  酸蚀裂缝渗流能力测试结果

      Table  2.   Acid-etching fracture seepage capacity test results

      序号 驱替介质 排量(mL/min) 渗透率(mD)
      1 标准盐水 0.5 5.5
      2 酸液 0.5 5.3
      3 标准盐水 0.5 33.4
      4 酸液 0.5 35
      5 标准盐水 0.5 61.3
      6 酸液 0.5 63.1
      7 标准盐水 0.5 132.2
      8 酸液 0.5 134.2
      9 标准盐水 0.5 208
      10 酸液 0.5 205.2
      11 标准盐水 0.5 127.6
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  酸液体系性能评价结果汇总

      Table  3.   Acid system performance evaluation results

      项目 实验结果
      酸液 表观黏度(mPa·s) 39
      耐温耐剪切性 剪切速率(s-1) 170
      温度(℃) 90
      剪切时间(min) 60
      表观黏度(mPa·s) 17.62
      酸液配伍性 常温2 h 酸液状态稳定,无分层、无絮凝物沉淀
      90 ℃,加热2 h 酸液状态稳定,无分层、无絮凝物沉淀
      铁离子稳定剂 pH 6
      铁离子稳定能力(mg/mL) 682.31
      酸化助排剂 表面张力(mN/m) 26.2
      腐蚀速率 (g/m²·h) 3.82
      酸岩反应动力学方程 J=1.846 6×10-5C 0.363 7
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  4  常规三轴试验结果

      Table  4.   Results of conventional triaxial tests

      温度(℃) 围压(MPa) 峰值强度(MPa) 峰值应变 弹性模量(MPa) 泊松比
      室温 0 198 0.003 76 63 048 0.275 0
      40 373 0.007 00 60 793 0.091 0
      50 361.9 0.007 00 61 576 0.076 0
      60 395 0.007 35 62 594 0.074 0
      70 40 404 0.007 17 60 551 0.060 0
      50 412.7 0.007 23 64 960 0.074 5
      60 465 0.008 37 59 887 0.079 0
      110 40 391.8 0.007 35 59 436 0.113 0
      50 390.2 0.006 98 62 826 0.090 5
      60 434.5 0.007 35 62 405 0.114 5
      150 40 400.2 0.007 59 61 223 0.113 0
      50 427.1 0.007 66 62 905 0.085 0
      60 429.0 0.007 96 59 574 0.055 0
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  5  剪切强度参数随温度的变化

      Table  5.   Variation of rock shear strength parameters with temperature

      温度(℃) 摩擦角(°) 粘聚力(MPa)
      室温 46.14 47.41
      70 37.15 68.26
      110 31.13 84.27
      150 24.74 116.80
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  6  真三轴水力压裂试验方案

      Table  6.   True triaxial hydraulic fracturing test scheme

      试样编号 应力状态(MPa) 处理方式 裂缝发育 排量
      (mL/min)
      1 σv=60;

      σh=38.5;

      σH=50
      正常 较少 1.0
      2 正常 较多 1.0
      3 正常 较少 1.5
      4 酸化处理(5%HCl) 较少 1.0
      5 酸化处理(5%HCl) 较多 1.0
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  7  GRY1井小型压裂测试分析结果

      Table  7.   GRY1 well mini-fracture test analysis results

      分析方法 井下闭合压力
      (MPa)
      闭合压力梯度
      (MPa/m)
      地层闭合时间
      (min)
      瞬时停泵压力
      (MPa)
      液体效率
      (%)
      G函数法 38.51 0.103 4.70 41.7 19.6
      双对数法 39.06 0.102 2.84 41.7 13.5
      平方根法 38.84 0.102 3.27 41.7 15.2
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  8  D22井改造后抽水试验数据

      Table  8.   Data sheet of pumping test after reconstruction of well D22

      落程 静止水位埋深
      (m)
      动水位埋深
      (m)
      水位降深
      (m)
      涌水量
      (m³/h)
      单位涌水量
      (m³/h·m)
      水温
      (℃)
      稳定时间
      (h)
      S3 101.43 160.66 59.23 44.10 0.745 66.5 40
      S2 101.43 136.54 35.11 33.40 0.951 66.0 21
      S1 101.43 114.77 13.34 18.9 1.417 60.5 9
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  9  GRY1井压裂后抽水试验成果表

      Table  9.   Data sheet of pumping test after reconstruction of well GRY1

      落程 水位降深(m) 涌水量(m³/h) 单位涌水量(m³/h·m) 延续时间(h) 稳定时间(h)
      S1 25.33 69.379 2.739 72 10
      S2 16.42 61.186 3.726 48 10
      S3 8.32 51.242 6.159 48 10
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2022-09-17
    • 网络出版日期:  2024-04-30
    • 刊出日期:  2024-04-25

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