Control of Strike-Slip Faults on Crude Oil Properties: Exemplified by Jinghe Oilfield in South Ordos Basin
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摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区走滑断裂发育，形成极具特色的断缝体式致密油藏，油藏中发现成因不明的稠油.为厘清研究区原油稠变的成因和分布关系，进一步认识走滑断裂带内断缝体式油藏的控藏机制.对研究区原油开展了气相色谱质谱检测，对其地球化学特征进行了详细的研究，进而开展了稠油与正常原油的地化特征对比，结合测井资料统计了研究区裂缝密度，分析了原油的稠变因素及其与走滑断裂带之间的联系.结果表明，泾河油田长6-长8段原油主要来自同一套烃源岩，其特征是沉积于还原性较强的淡水湖盆，有机质来源为藻类和高等植物混源输入；泾河油田的稠油与正常原油在母岩的沉积环境、有机质来源和成熟度上没有明显差别，但生物降解程度上存在明显差异，属于3~4级生物降解；泾河油田稠油主要分布在小型裂缝极为发育的走滑断裂叠接带.走滑断裂对原油的调整和保存具有明显的控制作用，泾河油田稠油的形成与走滑断裂的发育有着密切关系，即与相关裂缝内发生的轻烃组分散失和生物降解有关.Abstract: Strike-slip fault area unit developed within the southern part of Ordos basin, forming a novel fracture-type tight reservoir, and heavy oil with unknown origin is found within the reservoir. In order to clarify the origin and distribution of heavy oil within the study space and further understand the reservoir - controlling mechanism of fracture-type tight reservoir in strike - slip fault zone, in this paper, the crude oil in the study area was detected by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and the geochemical characteristics of the crude oil were studied in detail. Then the geochemical characteristics of heavy oil and normal crude oil were compared, and the fracture density in the study area was calculated based on logging data. The relationship between the thickening factors of crude oil and the strike-slip fault zone was analyzed. The results show that the crude oil of Chang 6-Chang 8 member in Jinghe oilfield primarily comes from identical set of source rocks, that is characterised by depositing within the fresh water lake basin with sturdy reducibility, and also the organic matter source is that the mixed input of alga and better plants. There's no obvious distinction between the heavy oil and traditional crude oil within the sedimentary environment, organic matter source and maturity, however there are obvious variations within the degree of biodegradation, heavy oil happiness to grade 3-4 biodegradation. The heavy oil in Jinghe field is principally distributed within splicing tape of the strike-slip fault belt with terribly concentrated little cracks. The strike-slip fault belt has a clear control on the adjustment and preservation of fossil oil, and incorporates a shut relationship with the formation of hevay oil in Jinghe oilfield, that is, it's associated with the dispersion loss of light hydrocarbon and biodegradation compound within the relevant fractures and cracks.
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Key words:
- strike-slip fault /
- crude oil property /
- oil thickening /
- Jinghe oilfield /
- Ordos basin /
- petroleum geology
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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地构造区划与泾河油田位置(a)、延长组地层简表(b)
红色方框代表主要烃源岩；据付金华等(2020)修改
Fig. 1. Structural division of Ordos basin and location of Jinghe oilfield (a), stratigraphic table of Yanchang Formation (b)
图 2 泾河油田走滑断层剖面、稠油位置与高角度裂缝密度
Fig. 2. The strike-slip fault profile, heavy oil location and high angle fracture density in Jinghe oilfield
图 3 泾河油田原油饱和烃总离子流
Fig. 3. TIC of saturated hydrocarbon in crude oil of Jinghe oilfield
图 4 泾河油田原油质量色谱
a.m/z 191；b.m/z 217
Fig. 4. Mass chromatograms of crude oil in Jinghe oilfield
图 5 泾河油田原油沉积环境与母质来源判别
Fig. 5. Identification of depositional environment and source material of crude oil in Jinghe oilfield
图 6 泾河油田原油成熟度判识
Fig. 6. Identification of maturity in oil of crude oil in Jinghe oilfield
图 8 (Pr+Ph)/(nC17+nC18)⁃总甲基菲/9⁃甲基菲交汇图
Fig. 8. The diagram of (Pr+Ph)/(nC17+nC18) and total methylphenanthrene/9⁃methylphenanthrene
图 11 泾河油田走滑断裂带发育特征与原油稠化因素分析
Fig. 11. The characteristic of strike-slip fault and the analysis of oil thickening factors in Jinghe oilfield
表 1 样品信息统计与基本物理性质参数
Table 1. Sample information and physical property parameters
井区 样品编号 开采层位 密度
(g/cm³)凝固点(℃) 运动黏度(v50 ℃)(mPa·s) 采样深度(m) 泾河17井区 JH17P11 长81 0.82 17.0 16.1 1 475.464~1 475.449 JH17P-13 长81 0.83 8.0 9.1 - JH17P-16 长81 0.86 37.0 13.5 - JH17P-17 长81 0.83 7.5 8.9 - JH17P18-2 长81 0.86 21.0 13.0 1 412.402~1 419.591 JH17P-23 长81 0.79 6.8 8.4 1 412.402~1 419.591 JH17P-25 长81 0.89 18.0 21.0 - JH17P-27 长81 0.82 5.4 8.8 1 496.780~1 507.222 JH17P-30 长63 0.81 16.0 8.3 1 320.115~1 353.171 JH17P-32 长81 0.86 8.0 10.5 1 318.940~1 399.751 JH17P-33 长81 0.86 20.5 14.5 1 486.746~1 529.244 JH17P-34 长81 0.73 3.0 7.5 1 518.373~1 522.866 JH17P-35 长81 0.86 8.5 9.5 - JH17P-3 长81 0.81 4.5 8.3 1 458.812~1 461.506 JH17P-7 长81 0.83 7.6 8.3 - JH17P-8 长81 0.81 8.2 8.7 1 546.914~1 558.406 JH22P-1 长81 0.91 7.6 93.3 - 泾河2井区 JH2-1 长81+长73 0.80 7.0 8.0 1 454.628~1 489.070 JH2P-1 长81 0.83 8.3 5.5 1 394.858~1 410.980 JH2P-16 长81 0.91 7.6 104.3 1 379.657~1 391.066 JH2P-17 长81 0.92 16.0 97.4 1 373.900~1 386.211 JH2P-2 长81 0.91 21.0 113.5 1 394.858~1 410.98 JH2P23-1 长81 0.85 7.1 9.3 1 409.370~1 412.497 JH2P-32 长81 0.83 9.0 10.5 - JH2P-4-1 长81 0.83 11.0 13.5 - JH2P-6 长81 0.91 8.0 98.7 1 334.866~1 352.418 JH2P-8 长81 0.92 7.5 92.8 - 泾河55井区 JH55 长73 0.81 5.0 3.4 - JH55P-1 长81 0.84 11.0 5.5 - 
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