Abstract: Deep coalbed methane (CBM) resources have great potential and are a significant field for China’s future large-scale increase in reserve and production of unconventional natural gas. Reservoir geomechanics plays a vital role in the exploration and development of deep CBM and is the key support for achieving efficient development. In order to find out the current status and progress of geomechanical research within deep CBM reservoirs, this paper explored the future development direction based on the analysis of geomechanical characteristics and key technologies of deep CBM reservoirs. The results show that: (1) The deep geological environment shows characteristics of high geotemperature, high in-situ stress and high fluid pressure, which dominates and controls the changes in the mechanical behavior of coal and rock, and is the key factor in the transition from shallow brittleness to deep brittle-ductile and even ductile. It creates the core research challenges of low porosity/ultralow permeability, strong heterogeneity and anisotropy in the reservoir. Fluid-solid-thermal coupling analysis considering the heterogeneous development characteristics of cleats is an important research content in the geomechanical analysis of deep CBM reservoirs; (2) Fine inversion of in-situ stress field based on multi-data fusion, digital fracture network model construction based on CT/deep learning algorithm, and multi-field coupling numerical simulation are important technical methods for the geomechanical research of deep CBM reservoirs. Intelligent and real-time monitoring technology is the key to reducing costs and increasing efficiency in deep CBM development; (3) Future research should break through the boundaries of traditional single disciplines and focus on developing multi-objective collaborative optimization algorithms that integrate geomechanics, seepage, and economy, building a digital twin system, and realizing the safe, efficient, and economic development of deep CBM.