极端降水诱发湖泊溃决的卫星重力与多源遥感观测响应分析：以2024年洞庭湖团洲垸溃决为例

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.015

极端降水诱发湖泊溃决的卫星重力与多源遥感观测响应分析：以2024年洞庭湖团洲垸溃决为例

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.015

1 中国地质大学（武汉），地理与信息工程学院，武汉，430074
2 中国地质大学（武汉），信息技术湖北省重点学科实验室，武汉，430074

基金项目:

科技部重点研发计划(2024YFF1308104)、国家自然科学基金项目(42274111, 42574073,42442015)

详细信息

作者简介:
李梓龙（2005-），男，本科在读，主要从事大地测量水文学. ORCID：0009-0001-2652-9565 Email：18613548102@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
吴云龙，ORCID：0000-0002-5487-5078 Email：wuyunlong@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P228
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-12-30
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-28

Analysis of Satellite Gravity and Multi-Source Remote Sensing Responses to Lake Breaches Induced by Extreme Precipitation: A Case Study of the 2024 Tuanzhouyuan Breach in Dongting Lake

1 School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2 Hubei Key Laboratory of Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 2024年7月洞庭湖流域受持续极端降水影响，团洲垸发生堤防溃决，造成严重洪涝。本研究综合利用重力恢复与气候实验后续任务（GRACE-FO）卫星重力数据、全球陆地数据同化系统（GLDAS）土壤湿度数据、高分辨率遥感影像、气象水文观测资料及三峡水库调度信息，系统分析了此次事件从降水驱动、流域响应到水利工程调控的涨-滞-退全时空过程。结果表明：6月下旬至7月初的持续强降水导致流域土壤迅速饱和，陆地水储量异常（TWSA）显著累积，峰值较月初增幅达144.15mm。基于TWSA构建的洪水指数（WI）可提前4天发出预警信号，表现出良好的洪水早期预警能力。遥感监测精准提取了团洲垸的淹没范围，溃口影响面积约46.16平方公里，其中建筑受损面积为4.21平方公里。归一化植被指数（NDVI）量化了团洲垸地区农业植被遭受的严重损失，NDVI均值由6月的0.510骤降至7月的0.165。三峡水库的调度有效减轻了长江干流对洞庭湖的顶托作用，促进了湖区洪水消退。本研究验证了多源对地观测数据协同在洪涝过程精细反演与预警中的应用潜力，为长江中游地区复合型洪灾风险防控提供了科学依据。
- GRACE-FO /
- 陆地水储量异常 /
- 洪水指数 /
- 极端降水 /
- 洞庭湖洪水
Abstract: Objectives : In July 2024, the Dongting Lake basin experienced severe flooding following a levee breach at Tuanzhou Polder due to persistent extreme precipitation. This study systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of the event by integrating GRACE-FO satellite gravity data, GLDAS soil moisture data, high-resolution remote sensing imagery, meteorological and hydrological observations, and Three Gorges Reservoir operation information. Results indicate that persistent heavy rainfall from late June to early July rapidly saturated basin soils, leading to significant accumulation of Total Water Storage Anomaly (TWSA) with a peak increase of 144.15 mm compared to the beginning of the month. The flood index (WI) constructed based on TWSA provided advance warning signals four days prior to flooding, demonstrating effective early flood warning capability. Remote sensing monitoring precisely delineated the inundation extent of Tuanzhou Polder, with the breach affecting approximately 46.16 square kilometers, including 4.21 square kilometers of built-up areas. MODIS NDVI quantified the severe damage to agricultural vegetation in the region, with the NDVI mean value plummeting from 0.510 in June to 0.165 in July. The Three Gorges Reservoir's operation effectively mitigated the backwater effect of the Yangtze River mainstem on Dongting Lake, accelerating flood recession in the lake basin. This study validates the application value of multi-source data integration in flood process inversion and early warning, providing scientific basis for composite flood risk prevention and control in the middle Yangtze River region.
- GRACE-FO /
- terrestrial water storage anomaly /
- flood index /
- extreme precipitation /
- Dongting Lake flooding

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极端降水诱发湖泊溃决的卫星重力与多源遥感观测响应分析：以2024年洞庭湖团洲垸溃决为例

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.015

作者简介:
李梓龙（2005-），男，本科在读，主要从事大地测量水文学. ORCID：0009-0001-2652-9565 Email：18613548102@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
吴云龙，ORCID：0000-0002-5487-5078 Email：wuyunlong@cug.edu.cn

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Analysis of Satellite Gravity and Multi-Source Remote Sensing Responses to Lake Breaches Induced by Extreme Precipitation: A Case Study of the 2024 Tuanzhouyuan Breach in Dongting Lake

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极端降水诱发湖泊溃决的卫星重力与多源遥感观测响应分析：以2024年洞庭湖团洲垸溃决为例

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.015

作者简介: 李梓龙（2005-），男，本科在读，主要从事大地测量水文学. ORCID：0009-0001-2652-9565 Email：18613548102@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者: 吴云龙，ORCID：0000-0002-5487-5078 Email：wuyunlong@cug.edu.cn

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Analysis of Satellite Gravity and Multi-Source Remote Sensing Responses to Lake Breaches Induced by Extreme Precipitation: A Case Study of the 2024 Tuanzhouyuan Breach in Dongting Lake

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出版历程

目录

作者简介:
李梓龙（2005-），男，本科在读，主要从事大地测量水文学. ORCID：0009-0001-2652-9565 Email：18613548102@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
吴云龙，ORCID：0000-0002-5487-5078 Email：wuyunlong@cug.edu.cn