东南沿海凝灰岩工程特性与致灾机制研究

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2026.219

东南沿海凝灰岩工程特性与致灾机制研究

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.219

1. 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心, 江苏南京 210016;
2. 浙江省浙南综合工程勘察测绘院有限公司, 浙江杭州, 310030;
3. 中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家重大研发项目（No.2024YFC3012605）、“国家地质安全监测预警网运维（南京地调中心）（No.DD20251300213）”项目联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
张泰丽，1980年生，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：674802878@qq.com。ORCID： 0000⁃0001⁃5980⁃6496.

通讯作者:
朱延辉（ 1987—），硕士，高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：63629969@qq.com。ORCID： 0000-0001-6398-2257

中图分类号: P642.22
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-02-26
- 网络出版日期: 2026-08-25

Study on the Engineering Geological Characteristics and Disaster-inducing Mechanisms of Tuff in the Southeast Coastal Region of China

1. Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China;
2. Zhejiang Zhenan Comprehensive Engineering Survey and Mapping Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China;
3. Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 我国东南沿海地区广泛发育晚中生代燕山期凝灰岩，受特殊成岩作用与湿热气候影响，岩体水敏性强、风化劣化显著，在持续降雨、构造运动及人工切坡等多因素耦合作用下，滑坡灾害群发频发，严重威胁区域工程建设与生命财产安全。为系统揭示凝灰岩工程特性与滑坡致灾机理，本文以东南沿海凝灰岩及典型滑坡为研究对象，采用野外调查、薄片鉴定、XRD矿物分析、室内物理力学与水理性质试验，结合356处经现场核查的滑坡数据，开展区域分布规律、工程特性参数、滑坡发育特征及致灾机制研究。结果表明：研究区凝灰岩主要集中于浙、闽两省，受控于断裂构造与火山岩相呈带状分布。凝灰岩矿物组成以石英、伊利石为主，强-全风化带蒙脱石含量可达20%~50%，具有高孔隙率、高含水率、强透水等特征；水理劣化效应显著，自由膨胀率最高接近60%，全风化凝灰岩软化系数仅0.30~0.40，浸水后快速崩解；力学强度随风化程度呈非线性降低，全风化至中风化岩体强度差异可达上百倍，强弱风化界面存在明显力学突变。区域滑坡以全风化浅层土质滑坡为主，占比95%，其余为风化界面蠕变型滑坡与构造控制型岩质滑坡，空间上集中分布于中低山陡坡及断裂影响带内，与黏土矿物富集、强度劣化区域高度耦合。研究表明，凝灰岩滑坡由黏土矿物水敏劣化、风化分层力学突变、软弱夹层与结构面组合、降雨入渗软化共同控制。研究成果可为东南沿海凝灰岩分布区地质灾害风险识别、预警及防治提供重要理论依据与数据支撑。
- 东南沿海 /
- 凝灰岩 /
- 工程特性 /
- 滑坡 /
- 致灾机制
Abstract: Late Mesozoic Yanshanian tuffs are widely developed in Southeast China’s coastal areas. Affected by special diagenesis and humid tropical climate, the rock masses have strong water sensitivity and significant weathering deterioration, leading to frequent grouped landslides under the coupling of continuous rainfall, tectonic movement and artificial slope cutting, which seriously threatens regional engineering construction and human life and property safety. Taking tuffs and typical landslides in the area as research objects, this study combines field investigation, thin-section identification, XRD mineral analysis, indoor tests and 356 field-verified landslide data to explore their distribution, engineering properties and disaster-inducing mechanisms. The results show that tuffs are mainly zoned in Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces, controlled by fault structures and volcanic lithofacies, mainly composed of quartz and illite, with 20%~50% smectite in highly to completely weathered zones, showing high porosity, high water content and strong permeability. They have significant hydraulic deterioration (maximum free swelling rate nearly 60%, softening coefficient of completely weathered tuff 0.30~0.40) and nonlinear mechanical strength attenuation with weathering degree. 95% of regional landslides are shallow soil landslides in completely weathered strata, concentrated in middle-low mountain steep slopes and fault-influenced zones.Tuff landslides are jointly controlled by clay mineral water-sensitive deterioration, weathering interface mechanical mutation, weak interlayer combination and rainfall infiltration softening. The findings provide theoretical and data support for geological hazard risk identification, early warning and prevention in the area.
- Southeast coastal region /
- Tuff /
- Engineering characteristics /
- Landslide /
- Disaster-inducing mechanism

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参考文献(35)

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东南沿海凝灰岩工程特性与致灾机制研究

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.219

作者简介:
张泰丽，1980年生，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：674802878@qq.com。ORCID： 0000⁃0001⁃5980⁃6496.

通讯作者:
朱延辉（ 1987—），硕士，高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：63629969@qq.com。ORCID： 0000-0001-6398-2257

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Study on the Engineering Geological Characteristics and Disaster-inducing Mechanisms of Tuff in the Southeast Coastal Region of China

计量

目录

留言板

东南沿海凝灰岩工程特性与致灾机制研究

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.219

作者简介: 张泰丽，1980年生，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：674802878@qq.com。ORCID： 0000⁃0001⁃5980⁃6496.

通讯作者: 朱延辉（ 1987—），硕士，高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：63629969@qq.com。ORCID： 0000-0001-6398-2257

计量

出版历程

Study on the Engineering Geological Characteristics and Disaster-inducing Mechanisms of Tuff in the Southeast Coastal Region of China

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
张泰丽，1980年生，博士，正高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：674802878@qq.com。ORCID： 0000⁃0001⁃5980⁃6496.

通讯作者:
朱延辉（ 1987—），硕士，高级工程师，主要从事地质灾害监测预警与风险评价研究工作。E-mail：63629969@qq.com。ORCID： 0000-0001-6398-2257