Geochronology and Geological Significance of Sandstone Detrital Zircons from Saihantala Formation in Southern Manite Depression, Erlian Basin
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摘要: 二连盆地是我国重要的产煤炭、石油、铀资源的能源矿产基地之一.综合以往资料可知，二连盆地煤和铀矿均主要赋存于下白垩统赛汉塔拉组，但受盆地构造演化的制约，煤矿在盆地东部地区较为发育，在盆地中西部规模变小、厚度减薄；而铀矿的分布规律则相反.为进一步了解构造-沉积演化对煤、铀成矿过程和赋矿机理的约束，选取马尼特坳陷南缘恩格日音地区赛汉塔拉组下段砂岩开展地球化学和碎屑锆石U-Pb测年研究，探索其物源变化规律；同时对比分析马尼特坳陷东段和西段地震剖面，约束关键构造时限.结果显示：（1）马尼特坳陷南缘赛汉塔拉组下段下亚段物源以坳陷北缘的巴音宝力格隆起为主，而下段上亚段物源以坳陷南缘的苏尼特隆起为主，指示苏尼特隆起在早赛汉塔拉期晚期发生较强烈隆升；（2）马尼特坳陷南缘赛汉塔拉中期，沉积水体较浅，不利于煤的沉积；（3）苏尼特隆起构造隆升可能为坳陷南缘赛汉塔拉组下段铀成矿提供条件.这对了解二连盆地煤、铀的空间配置，预测马尼特坳陷、乌兰察布坳陷南缘新区新层位铀成矿具有较为重要的理论意义.Abstract: Erlian basin is one of the most important energy mineral bases bearing coal, oil and uranium. Although both of coal and uranium deposits mainly occur in lower Cretaceous Saihantala Formation, previous data reveal that most of coal mines are distributed in the eastern Erlian basin; while major uranium deposits are found in the midwestern Erlian basin. In order to understand the tectono-sedimentary evolution progress and its constraints on mineralization of coal and uranium, we took Saihantala Formation sandstones in Engeriyin area of southern Manite depression for geochemical and detrital zircons geochronological analysis. Combined with previous seismic data in eastern and western Manite depression, we conclude that (1) the lower and upper subinterval of the lower Saihantala Formation in southern Manite depression have different provenances, and the lower subinterval is composed of terrigenous materials from Bayinbaolige rise, while the upper subinterval from Sunite rise, which may indicate the Sunite rise began to uplift in the late substage of the Early Saihantala period; (2) the water depth became shallow in Southern Manite depression during the middle period of Saihantala and it counted against the formation of coal; (3) the uplift of Sunite rise might provide beneficial tectonic condition for uranium mineralization in the lower Saihantala Formation in southern Manite depression. This is significant for us to understand the space allocation of coal and uranium in Erlian basin and evaluate the uranium metallogenic prospects in southern Manite depression.
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图 1 二连盆地基底构造单元分布略图（a）及二连盆地中部地质简图（b）
a.据卫三元等（2016）修改；b.据天津中心内部资料修改. 1.新生界沉积岩；2.第四系玄武岩；3.白垩系二连组；4.白垩系大磨拐河组；5.侏罗-白垩系玛尼吐组；6.二叠系哲斯组；7.二叠系大石寨组；8.石炭-二叠系八当山火山岩组；9.石炭系本巴图组；10.温都尔庙群哈尔哈达组；11.奥陶系包尔汉图群哈拉组；12.燕山期正长花岗岩；13.印支期花岗岩；14.二叠纪二长花岗岩；15.晚石炭纪二长花岗岩；16.早石炭纪二长花岗岩；17.采样位置
Fig. 1. Sketch map showing the tectonic division of basement of the Erlian basin (a) and geological sketch map of central Erlian basin(b)
图 3 恩格日音地区赛汉塔拉组下段岩石学特征
a.含砾粗砂岩岩心照片；b.单偏光镜下；c.正交光镜下；d.反射光镜下；Q.石英；Pl.斜长石；Bi.黑云母；Py.黄铁矿
Fig. 3. Petrographic characteristics of lower member of Saihantala Formation in Engryin Area
图 4 恩格日音地区赛汉塔拉组砂岩碎屑锆石CL图和LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄谐和图
a.ZKU3201钻孔样品典型锆石阴极发光照片；b.ZKU3201钻孔样品U-Pb年龄谐和；c.ZKU3205钻孔样品典型锆石阴极发光照片；d. ZKU3205钻孔样品U-Pb年龄谐和；图a，c中年龄单位为Ma
Fig. 4. CL images and LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams of Saihantala Formation sandstones in Engryin area
图 5 马尼特坳陷恩格日音地区赛汉塔拉组砂岩碎屑锆石年龄谱
a.赛汉塔拉组下段下亚段砂岩（ZKU3201）；b.赛汉塔拉组下段上亚段砂岩（ZKU3205）
Fig. 5. Detrital zircon age distribution histograms of the Saihantala Formation in Engryin area of Manite depression
图 6 A-CN-K图解（a）和Th/Sc-Zr/Sc图解(b)
Fig. 6. Teinary diagram of A-CN-K(a)and plot of Th/Sc versus Zr/Sc (b)
图 7 赛汉塔拉组砂岩球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式图(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b)
Fig. 7. Chondrite-normalized REE diagrams (a) and primitive-mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams (b) for the sandstones in Saihantala Formation
图 8 巴音宝力格隆起(a)和苏尼特隆起岩体年龄谱系图(b)
Fig. 8. Age distribution histogram of Magatic rock in Bayinbaolige rise (a) and Sunite rise (b)
图 9 马尼特坳陷东段构造剖面图(a)和西段地震剖面图(b)
a. 据赵贤正等(2015);b. 据刘武生等(2015); 1. 新生界; 2. 赛汉塔拉组中上段; 3. 赛汉塔拉组下段; 4. 赛汉塔拉组; 5. 腾格尔组上段; 6. 腾格尔组下段; 7. 腾格尔组; 8. 阿尔善组; 9. 侏罗系; 10. 二叠系; 11. 石炭系; 12. 泥盆系; 13. 花岗岩或花岗闪长岩侵入体; 14. 依据地震剖面解释的地层界面; 15. 依据地震资料、重磁资料和露头岩层分布推测的地层界面; 16. 早白垩世断陷底面(据地震剖面解释); 17. 断层及运动方向, 虚线为早期断层活动方向; 18. 断陷内部正断层、粗线表示主干正断层; 19. 依据地震资料、重磁资料推测的基底逆冲断层; 20. 依据地震资料、重磁资料推测的沉积岩层基底
Fig. 9. Structural section map (a) and seismic profile map of Manite depression (b)
图 10 二连盆地煤矿、铀矿床（点）分布
据李月湘等（2009）修改
Fig. 10. Distribution of coal mines and uranium deposits in Erlian basin
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