Petrogenesis of Suyunhe Super Large Porphyry Mo Deposit in Western Junggar, Xinjiang, and Implications for Regional Tectonic Evolution
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摘要: 苏云河钼矿是中亚造山带内西准噶尔地区的超大型斑岩型钼矿床，赋矿岩体为侵入至中泥盆统巴尔鲁克组火山碎屑岩的二长花岗斑岩和花岗斑岩.围绕苏云河钼矿含矿岩体开展了详细的岩石学、地球化学、同位素与年代学研究，发现：（1）苏云河二长花岗斑岩、花岗斑岩与花岗闪长斑岩的形成时代为294~302 Ma，矿区斑岩的形成与后续矿化可能是连续的岩浆-热液演化过程；（2）苏云河二长花岗斑岩、花岗斑岩与花岗闪长斑岩可能是同源岩浆不同程度结晶分异的结果，主微量元素均显示出相关性耦合变化，且具有一致的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成；（3）矿区岩体富集Rb、U、Th、Nd和Hf，亏损Ba、Nb、Ti和P，显示出后碰撞花岗岩的地球化学特征；（4）较高的Sr含量（平均为202.41×10-6）与Sr/Y比值（平均为14.97）、中等的ɛNd（t）值（+3.8~+6.0），以及较高的锆石ɛHf（t）值（+9.7~+15.6）指示苏云河矿区岩体岩浆主要源于新生幔源物质与少量古老地壳物质的熔融混合.
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关键词:
- 苏云河斑岩Mo矿 /
- Sr-Nd-Hf同位素 /
- SIMS锆石U-Pb年龄 /
- 构造演化 /
- 巴尔鲁克 /
- 构造地质学
Abstract: The Suyunhe molybdenum deposit is a super large porphyry deposit located in the western Junggar region within the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The mineralized rocks are monzogranite porphyry and granodiorite porphyry that intruded into the volcaniclastic rock of the Devonian Barluk Formation. In this paper, it reports a detailed study on the petrography, elemental and isotope geochemistry, and geochronology of mineralized rocks from the Suyunhe molybdenum deposit. The results reveal follows. (1) The monzogranite porphyry, granite porphyry, and granodiorite porphyry formed between 294 and 302 Ma as a result of prolonged magmatic-hydrothermal evolution that resulted in mineralization. (2) The monzogranite porphyry, granite porphyry, and granodiorite porphyry are thought to have originated from a common magma source, undergoing varying degrees of crystallization differentiation. This is evidenced by the correlated variations in their major and trace element contents, as well as their uniform Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic signatures. (3) These granitoids are enriched in Rb, U, Th, Nd, and Hf and depleted in Ba, Nb, Ti, and P, exhibiting geochemical characteristics of granites in a post-collisional setting. (4) Elevated Sr content (averaging 202.41×10-6) along with a high Sr/Y ratio (averaging 14.97), moderate εNd(t) values (+3.8 to +6.0), and high zircon εHf(t) values (+9.7 to +15.6) suggest that the magma from the Suyunhe mineral district primarily originated from the melting and mixing of juvenile mantle materials with a minor proportion of ancient crustal materials. -
图 1 西准噶尔地区构造位置(a)与构造单元图(b)
图a据张连昌等（2022），Wu et al（.2023）；图b据Wu et al（.2018），Cao et al（.2020）修改. BMTD. 巴尔鲁克-玛依勒-唐巴勒-达拉布特
Fig. 1. Location (a) and tectonic units (b) of the western Junggar
图 2 苏云河Mo矿地质图
据郑国平等（2011）新疆裕民县巴尔鲁克山西段钨钼金矿预——普查成果报告修改
Fig. 2. Geological map of the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 3 A-B-C剖面岩体（脉）分布及形态
Fig. 3. Distribution and morphology of granitoids in A-B-C section
图 4 苏云河Mo矿二长花岗斑岩（a~b）、花岗斑岩（c~d）、霏细岩（e~f）、花岗闪长斑岩（g~h）、闪长岩（i~j）和闪长玢岩（k~l）手标本及镜下照片
Ab. 钠长石；Bt. 黑云母；Hbl. 角闪石；Kfs. 钾长石；Pl. 斜长石；Qz. 石英
Fig. 4. Representative photomicrographs of monzonitic granite porphyry (a-b), granite porphyry (c-d), felsite (e-f), granodiorite porphyry (g-h), diorite (i-j) and porphyritic diorite (k-l)
图 5 苏云河钼矿床矿石构造照片
a. 团块状构造辉钼矿（Ⅰ号岩体矿化段）；b. 团块状构造辉钼矿（Ⅰ号岩体矿化段）；c. 浸染状构造（Ⅰ号岩体）辉钼矿；d. 浸染状构造（ZK0001）；e. 辉钼矿-石英脉细脉（ZK0007）；f. 辉钼矿-石英脉粗脉（ZK0005）；g. 黄铜矿-辉钼矿-石英脉（ZK5611）；h. 辉钼矿-石英脉网脉状（ZK6015）；i. 辉钼矿-石英脉网（ZK5611）. Mlb. 辉钼矿；Cpy. 黄铜矿
Fig. 5. Photographs of ore structures in the Suyunhe Mo ore district
图 6 苏云河钼矿主要岩体TAS图解（a）和Q-A-P分类图解（b）; 苏云河钼矿区侵入岩SiO2-K2O图解（c）及A/CNK-A/NK图解（d）
图a据Le Bas et al.（1986），1989；图c据Middlemost（1985）；图d据Maniar and Piccoli（1989）
Fig. 6. TAS diagram (a) and Q (quartz)-A (albite)-P (plagioclase) classification diagram (b) of intrusive rocks from the Suyunhe Mo deposit. SiO2 vs. K2O diagram (c) and A/CNK vs. A/NK diagram (d) of granitoids from the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 7 苏云河钼矿岩体微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图（a）与稀土元素配分模式图（b）
图a据Sun and McDonough（1989）；图b据Boynton（1984）
Fig. 7. The primary mantle-normalized incompatible trace element patterns (a) and chondrite-normalized REE patterns (b) of granitoids from the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 8 苏云河钼矿岩体锆石CL图像与U-Pb定年测点位置
a.二长花岗斑岩（13SYH03）；b.二长花岗斑岩（13SYH28）；c.二长花岗斑岩（13SYH18）；d.花岗斑岩（13SYH08）；e.花岗斑岩（13SYH10）；f.花岗闪长斑岩（13SYH01）
Fig. 8. CL images and U-Pb dating positions of zircons from granitoids in the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 9 苏云河钼矿区岩体锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图
Fig. 9. Concordia age diagrams of U-Pb ages of zircon from granitoids in the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 10 苏云河钼矿岩体年龄-εNd (t)关系图解
亏损地幔线据Goldstein et al.（1984）；北疆地区洋壳数据韩宝福等（1999）；古-中元古代陆壳Nd同位素演化线据Hu et al.（2000）
Fig. 10. The εNd(t) vs. age diagram of granitoids in the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 11 苏云河钼矿区岩体锆石206Pb/238U年龄-εHf(t)图（a），锆石εHf(t)值（b）和TDM2(Hf)年龄（c）分布直方图
图a中DM演化线据Bodet and Scharer（2000），准噶尔地区花岗岩同位素数据据Geng et al.（2009）和唐红峰等（2008）
Fig. 11. Zircon 206Pb/238U age vs. εHf(t) diagram (a) of granitoids from the Suyunhe Mo deposit; statistical histograms of zircon εHf(t) values (b) and TDM2(Hf) ages (c)
图 12 苏云河钼矿区岩体SiO2与主量元素比值哈克图解
Fig. 12. The Hark diagrams for SiO2 vs. major elements of granitoids from the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 13 苏云河钼矿岩体10 000Ga/Al-(Na2O+K2O)/CaO图解（a），SiO2-Zr图解（b），侵入岩R1-R2图解（c）及Nb-Y-3Ga图解（d）
图a据Whalen et al.（1987）；图b据Collins et al.（1982）；图c据Batchelor and Bowden（1985）；图d据
Eby（1992） . R1=4Si-11（Na+K）-2（Fe+Ti）；R2=6Ca+2Mg+A. ①地幔斜长花岗岩；②破坏性活动板块边缘（板块碰撞前）花岗岩；③板块碰撞后隆起期花岗岩；④晚造山期花岗岩；⑤非造山区A型花岗岩；⑥同碰撞（S型）花岗岩；⑦造山期后A型花岗岩. A1. 非造山的A型花岗岩；A2. 造山后A型花岗岩Fig. 13. 10 000Ga/Al vs. (Na2O+K2O)/CaO diagram (a), SiO2 vs. Zr diagram (b), R1 vs. R2 diagram (c), and Nb vs. Y vs. 3Ga diagram (d) for granitoids from the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 14 苏云河钼矿岩体Rb-(Yb+Ta)图解（a）与Rb/30-Hf-3Ta图解（b）
图a据Pearce（1996）；图b据
Harris et al.（1986） Fig. 14. Yb+Ta vs. Rb diagram (a) and Rb/30-Hf-3Ta diagram (b) for granitoids from the Suyunhe Mo deposit
图 15 西准噶尔花岗岩类锆石U-Pb年龄的直方图（a）以及西准噶尔西北部古生代巴尔鲁克陆缘弧的形成及构造演化模式示意简图（b~c）
数据来源于：Kwon et al.（1989）；刘志强等（2005）；陈晔等（2006）；高山林等（2006）；韩宝福等（2006）；苏玉平等（2006）；范裕等（2007）；Zhou et al.（2008）；Geng et al.（2009，2011）；康磊等（2009）；Chen et al.（2010）；陈家富等（2010）；Shen et al.（2010，2013）；Tang et al.（2010，2012）；冯乾文等（2012）；Xu et al.（2012）；Li et al.（ 2014）；杨猛等（2015）；钟世华等（2015a）；吕串等（2023）
Fig. 15. Histogram of zircon U-Pb ages of granitic rocks in West Junggar (a) and formation and tectonic evolution model of Paleozoic Barluk continental arc (b-c) in the West Junggar
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dqkxzx-50-4-1284-表5_锆石Hf_-_副本.docx
dqkxzx-50-4-1284-表1_全岩主量元素含量_-_副本.docx
dqkxzx-50-4-1284-表3_锆石U-Pb_-_副本.docx
dqkxzx-50-4-1284-表2__全岩微量元素含量_-_副本.docx
dqkxzx-50-4-1284-表4_全岩Sr-Nd_-_副本.docx
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